1c trade management configuration. Scientific electronic library
Configuration 1C:Enterprise 8. Trade management is an application solution of the 1C:Enterprise 8 software system. It allows you to comprehensively automate the solution of problems of operational and management accounting, analysis and planning of trade, warehouse and financial operations, thereby ensuring the effective management of a modern trading enterprise.
The configuration is intended for organizations engaged in wholesale and retail trade, and allows you to keep records of any types of trade transactions. Thanks to its extensive customization capabilities, it is capable of performing all accounting functions - from maintaining directories and entering primary documents to obtaining analytical reports, on the basis of which managers of various departments can make informed management decisions.
Attention!
The basic version does not support the ability to change the configuration; you can only use the standard configuration and install its updates.
The configuration automates the following areas of trading activity:
- sales management (including wholesale, retail and commission trade);
- supply chain management;
- sales and purchasing planning;
- inventory management;
- management of customer orders;
- cash management;
- accounting and analysis of commercial costs;
- customer and supplier relationship management;
- price analysis and pricing policy management;
- monitoring and analysis of the effectiveness of trading activities.
In the 1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management configuration, based on the entered data on trade operations, you can quickly estimate the amount of value added tax using the generated sales book and purchase book.
However, the configuration is not intended for maintaining full-fledged accounting and tax records and generating all the necessary regulatory documents for submitting them to state tax authorities. These tasks are solved in the accounting configurations of the 1C:Enterprise 8 program system. The 1C:Enterprise 8 Trade Management program provides the ability to upload data at the level of primary documents into accounting configurations (for example, into the 1C:Accounting 8 configuration).
The configuration allows you to keep records on behalf of several organizations at any number of warehouses. We will henceforth call such a “set” of organizations a trading enterprise.
Attention!
In the basic version, the ability to keep records of the activities of several organizations in one information base is disabled. Keeping records of the activities of several organizations is possible only in separate information databases.
An automated trading enterprise can be represented as the following diagram.
A trading enterprise consists of various divisions, whose employees ensure the interaction of the enterprise with clients (suppliers, buyers and customers) and provide management with various reports on the results of their activities. Based on the results of trading activities, regulatory reports are generated and submitted to government agencies.
The software product is a modern tool for increasing the business efficiency of a trading enterprise.
"1C: Trade Management 8" allows you to comprehensively automate the tasks of operational and management accounting, analysis and planning of trade operations, thereby ensuring the effective management of a modern trading enterprise.
The subject area automated using "1C: Trade Management 8" can be represented in the form of the following diagram.
Configuration "1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" automates the following areas of economic activity:
- customer relationship management
CRM is a concept for managing customer relationships in an environment of active competition, aimed at maximizing the potential of each client and partner in the interests of the enterprise.
The CRM concept involves the regular collection and analysis of information about each client, real and potential: how the client responded to the business proposal, whether he is satisfied with the quality of service, whether his preferences change over time, how carefully he fulfills his obligations, and ultimately how much the client brings (or could bring) income to the enterprise.
All stages of the relationship with the client are tracked. Signs of a dangerous deterioration in relations are carefully detected, since, as is known, in a competitive market the costs of attracting a new client are an order of magnitude higher than the costs of retaining an existing client.
The CRM concept provides a harmonious combination of a formal approach and individual attitude to each client. But if the number of active clients of an enterprise is measured in tens or hundreds, and the number of potential clients is measured in hundreds or thousands, respectively, then the full implementation of the CRM concept will lead to the accumulation of huge amounts of information, which will be simply impossible to work with without the use of special automation tools.
The configuration contains automation tools for the CRM concept. Configuration functionality allows an enterprise to successfully manage relationships with customers, suppliers, subcontractors and any other counterparties.
Registration of all actions for concluding and executing transactions, registration of all contacts with clients, both real and potential, is provided.
The configuration allows you to do the following:
- use a personalized approach to the needs and requirements of each client;
- store complete contact information on contractors and their employees, history of interaction with them;
- manage the sales process using the business process mechanism (transactions with the client);
- analyze unfinished and plan upcoming transactions with customers and potential clients;
- register each request from a potential client and subsequently analyze the percentage of customer acquisition, as well as analyze the satisfaction of primary demand;
- quickly monitor the status of planned contacts and transactions;
- conduct an integrated BCG analysis of customer relationships;
- register and promptly process customer complaints;
- analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of managers’ work with clients.
Configuration capabilities for managing customer relationships may be in demand by the commercial director, marketing director, and employees of the marketing, sales and supply departments of the enterprise.
- sales rules management
Sales rules
The program allows you to set sales rules, individual for clients or standard for client segments.
These include various payment conditions, price conditions, and discount conditions.
Sharing standard agreements and segments allows you to quickly change the sales rules and the conditions under which they are provided:
- To change the sales rules for a specific partner, it is enough to move him to another segment, and this can be done automatically, according to the specified rules.
- To change the sales rules for all clients from a certain segment, it is enough to change the standard agreement used for clients of this segment once.
For important clients, individual sales agreements can be drawn up.
Terms of payment
All possible payment options that are used in a trading enterprise are recorded using a payment schedule.
The payment terms that apply to the sale are stated in the agreement.
If necessary, after agreement with the responsible person, a payment schedule different from the standard one may be indicated in a separate order.
- sales process management
- sales representative management
It is also possible for sales representatives to work independently without completing preliminary assignments. Sales representatives are provided with information about the goods and clients of the trading enterprise. After working with clients, the sales representative records placed orders, clarifies information about clients or enters data about new clients, and records expense data.
Analysis of the activities of sales representatives is carried out using various reports: you can compare the activities of sales representatives in terms of the effectiveness of their work, as well as conduct a plan-fact analysis of the activities of sales representatives.
Based "Extensions for Pocket PCs" An application has been implemented that automates the work of a sales representative on a PDA. The application exchanges data with the Trade Management configuration information base and allows you to view received tasks on the PDA, mark their completion, view product balances, accept orders from clients, and fill out advance reports.
- Inventory Management
- Providing goods for current orders and for replenishing warehouse stocks according to specified rules, incl. taking into account sales statistics.
- Long-term procurement planning and formation of orders according to procurement plans.
- procurement management
The capabilities of the procurement management program allow you to solve problems of monitoring the delivery time of goods, cash expenditures and timely payments to suppliers.
The program allows you to register discrepancies when receiving goods, analyze the reasons for supply failures (suppliers’ refusal to supply goods), take into account additional services and additional costs when delivering goods.
- warehouse management
The application solution allows:
- manage product balances in various units of measurement in multiple warehouses;
- keep separate records of your own goods, goods accepted and transferred for sale;
- detail the location of goods in the warehouse by storage location, which allows you to optimize the assembly of goods in the warehouse;
- take into account product series (serial numbers, expiration dates, etc.);
- set arbitrary characteristics of goods (color, size, etc.);
- take into account the customs declaration and country of origin;
- document assembly/disassembly operations of goods;
- reserve goods.
Information about warehouse stocks can be entered into the information system with a high degree of detail: to the level of product characteristics (color, size, dimensions, etc.), to the level of serial numbers and expiration dates of goods.
To speed up the processes of receipt, shipment and inventory of goods in warehouses, you can use various types of retail equipment: barcode scanners, data collection terminals.
The program implements an order warehouse accounting scheme. It can be enabled independently for shipping and receiving transactions. Warehouse orders are issued on the basis of order documents, which can be orders or invoices. Records are kept of orders received but not executed; Warehouse operating technology can be based entirely on electronic orders.
The program implements targeted storage of goods, i.e. maintaining the balance of goods in the context of storage locations (cells, shelves, racks) and product packaging.
In this case it is possible as reference placement by cells, when it is indicated only in which cells the product can, in principle, be located, and cell balance control, when accurate records are kept of the quantity of goods in each cell.
When using control of balances in warehouse cells: the system allows you to manage the placement of goods into storage locations upon receipt, assembly from storage locations during shipment, movement and unpacking of goods. The algorithms embedded in the system automatically select the optimal storage locations when placing goods. For goods that are stored and shipped in packages of different sizes, it is possible to automatically generate unpacking tasks if there is a shortage of smaller packages.
At any time, you can control the process of assembling goods in the warehouse in accordance with issued “electronic” orders or the process of placing incoming goods.
A multi-step inventory process has been implemented, including the generation of orders for inventory, the issuance of orders to recalculate balances in storage areas, and separate reflection of surpluses and shortages in operational and financial accounting.
- goods delivery management
All transportation tasks are generated taking into account the delivery zone, the order of bypassing delivery addresses, as well as taking into account the carrying capacity of the vehicle.
It is possible to print a route sheet and a set of documents that must be transferred to the client or carrier.
When generating transportation orders, vehicles are loaded in accordance with their capacity and carrying capacity.
- financial management
- control and analysis of target performance indicators of the enterprise
The composition of indicators, algorithms for their formation, and presentation form can be flexibly customized.
It supports specifying target values and acceptable deviations, comparison with the previous period, forecast for the future period (Monitoring target indicators).
It is possible to display only important indicators.
Each indicator can be deciphered using detailed reports.
It is possible to generate a summary report in printed form for submission to the manager on all or the most critical indicators.
The program provides a variety of visual reports that allow you to analyze information and make decisions on various sections of accounting.
The program can register both already completed and planned business transactions. "1C: Trade Management 8" automates the preparation of almost all primary trade and warehouse accounting documents, as well as cash flow documents.
"1C: Trade Management 8" is designed for any type of trading operations. Accounting functions have been implemented - from maintaining directories and entering primary documents to receiving various analytical reports.
The solution allows you to maintain management accounting for the trading enterprise as a whole. For an enterprise with a holding structure, documents can be drawn up on behalf of several organizations included in the holding.
The functionality of the solution can be flexibly adapted by enabling/disabling various functional options. For example, in this way the program can be significantly simplified for a small organization by disabling many features necessary only for large companies (the disabled functionality is hidden from the interface and does not interfere with the work of users). The following will be a description of the functionality of the solution including all options.
"1C: Trade Management 8" provides automatic selection of data necessary for accounting and transfer of this data to "1C: Accounting 8".
Using the Trade Management program together with other programs allows you to comprehensively automate wholesale and retail enterprises. The Trade Management program can be used as a control system for the 1C: Retail 8 solution.
Program "1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" is available in the following versions:
- 1C:Enterprise 8. Trade management, basic version
- 1C:Enterprise 8. Trade management, PROF version
Director and head of the enterprise
Program "1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" allows:
- increase labor productivity of all services of the trading enterprise;
- work with operational information reflecting the current state of the enterprise at a given time;
- quickly and in a convenient form to receive reports for decision-making at different levels.
IN "1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" there is a special report "Report to the manager", which includes information about:
- cash balances and turnover;
- accounts receivable and payable;
- availability of goods;
- working capital and working capital;
- planned receipts and payments;
- cost of inventory;
- managerial effectiveness;
- advertising effectiveness;
- etc.
"Report to the manager" You can set it up for automatic generation, set it to run on a schedule and send it by e-mail. Thus, the director and manager of a trading enterprise has the opportunity to make prompt and informed decisions anywhere in the world.
For managers and specialists of trade departments
"1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" helps manage:
- product distribution and pricing;
- accepting orders and monitoring their execution;
- optimization of warehouse stocks;
- trade turnover analysis;
- procurement and supply planning.
Accounting service employees
"1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management"– an effective tool that allows you to get rid of routine work and bring accounting closer to the needs of a real business. Information and methodological support allows you to keep records in accordance with current legislation.
Software "1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" provides automatic selection of data necessary for accounting and transfer of this data to 1C: Accounting 8. In addition, data transfer to the accounting configurations of the 1C:Enterprise 7.7 program system is provided.
Enterprise IT specialists
"1C:Enterprise 8. Trade Management" includes a set of tools and technologies for the development, modification, administration and maintenance of a corporate information system. The openness of the system and the ease of its adaptation, wide scaling and integration capabilities, simplicity and ease of administration and support will allow IT specialists to spend a minimum of effort on maintenance and configuration in accordance with the needs of the trading organization.
Attention! To scale and expand the number of workstations, you can purchase additional licenses.
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1C:Enterprise 8. Trade management |
Basic version
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PROF |
| Ready-made solution for keeping records of trade transactions | ||
| Customer Relationship Management (CRM) | ||
| Drawing up a refined and generalized procurement plan. Comparison of planned purchases with actual receipts of goods. | ||
| Setting prices taking into account the quality characteristics of goods. Control of promotions and discount events. Assignment of discounts on discount cards. | ||
| Taking into account the seasonality of sales when planning. Creation of sales plans for various scenarios. | ||
| Accounting for goods by serial numbers and expiration dates. Accounting for returnable packaging. | ||
| Accounting for several organizations in separate information databases | ||
| Accounting for several organizations in a single information base | ||
| Operation of geographically distributed information bases | ||
| Possibility of changing (configuring) the application solution |
General Configuration Information
The “Trade Management” configuration of the “1C: Enterprise 8.1” program system is a solution that allows you to effectively solve the problems of operational and management accounting. The configuration includes powerful analysis and planning tools that provide information support to decision makers.
The “Trade Management” configuration, operating on the new generation technology platform “1C: Enterprise 8.1”, provides qualitatively new tools for improving the management efficiency of trading companies of various profiles. The configuration allows you to keep track of any types of trade operations, such as purchase and sale of goods, mutual settlements with counterparties, accounting for retail trade operations using retail equipment, managing customer orders, and sales planning.
The main direction of development of the new solution is the implementation in the configuration of functionality designed for effective enterprise management.
The “Trade Management” configuration supports the preparation of almost all primary trade accounting documents (including cash flow documents) and is designed to manage any type of trading operations.
Thanks to its flexibility and customizability, the configuration is capable of performing all accounting, management and analysis functions - from maintaining directories and entering primary documents to planning purchases and sales and receiving various analytical reports.
The main functions of the Trade Management configuration include:
- customer relationship management: and used to analyze relationships with clients, operational control over the work of managers;
- sales management: Using the tools of this subsystem, you can develop the most effective customer service strategy;
- procurement management: and is used to provide managers with the information they need to make timely decisions about replenishing inventory, to reduce purchasing costs and clearly organize interaction with suppliers;
- Inventory Management: used for detailed operational accounting of goods in warehouses, as well as ensuring complete control of inventory in wholesale and retail trade;
- accounting and control of mutual settlements;
- pricing management and price monitoring: used to manage selling prices for goods, apply various pricing and discount schemes, as well as monitor employee compliance with the established pricing policy;
- analysis of trading activities and turnover: allows you to obtain information about the state of warehouse stocks, orders, sales and mutual settlements in any sections with the required detail.
The “Trade Management” configuration is implemented in the form of separate subsystems that solve various problems of operational accounting and analysis of enterprise management: mutual settlements and lending; managing relationships with customers and suppliers; inventory control; container accounting; accounting for additional expenses; accounting of the balances of imported goods in the context of customs declaration numbers and countries of origin; order management; pricing; accounting for commission trading operations; accounting of retail trade transactions; mutual settlements and lending (accounting, control and analysis of mutual settlements with counterparties); work with accountable persons; cash accounting (accounting for cash balances in various bank accounts and in the company's cash registers); sales and purchasing planning; volumetric calendar planning of purchases; VAT accounting.
All these subsystems are interconnected.
The “Mutual settlements and lending” system allows you to: control the execution of documents based on the current state of mutual settlements with a given counterparty for management accounting (under the agreement as a whole, by orders, by invoices, by settlement documents); provide reporting information on the current state of mutual settlements, including data on the movement of goods and funds and their relationship.
The “Management of Relationships with Customers and Suppliers” subsystem allows you to: store contact information about clients, automatically notify users about upcoming contacts with the client; exchange contact information with MS OUTLOOK, OUTLOOK EXPRESS programs; help users quickly make decisions about next steps in relationships with clients; analyze relationships with clients, automatically divide clients into different categories (ABC and XYZ analysis of counterparties); provide users with information about the history of relationships with clients; plan for the manager various contacts with clients, analyze the work of managers and promptly monitor the work of managers
The “Warehouse accounting” subsystem allows you to: take into account purchased goods received for sale and goods received without primary documents in an unlimited number of warehouses; keep batch records of goods; keep records of goods, by series, characteristics, taking into account quality; draw up sales plans based on analysis of sales data for previous periods; receive various reporting information
The “Container Accounting” subsystem allows you to distinguish between several types of containers: purchased returnable containers, returnable containers, own containers. This difference lies in the method of using the received containers and the type of ownership of the containers.
Quantitative batch records are maintained for returnable containers, accurate to the item in the nomenclature. Detailing down to characteristics and series is not taken into account.
The subsystem “Accounting for additional costs” allows you to: take into account additional costs, both those that do not affect the change in the cost of batches of goods, and those that do.
The subsystem “Accounting for balances of imported goods in the context of customs declaration numbers and countries of origin” allows you to: keep records of the balances of imported goods in the context of customs declaration numbers and the countries in which they were capitalized.
The Order Management subsystem contains order analysis tools and is designed to provide support for making management decisions when interacting with customers and help identify bottlenecks in the warehouse.
The “Pricing” subsystem allows you to: store information about competitors’ prices; store information about suppliers' prices; create a price list with selling prices; keep a list of discounts and markups in relation to sales volume.
Subsystem “Accounting for commission trade operations. Acceptance for commission”: designed to automate the trading of goods of the principal.
The receipt and sale of goods by the consignor are reflected in the warehouse accounting subsystem. This subsystem provides the ability to generate a report to the principal on goods sold, calculation of commission, revaluation of goods accepted for commission and the necessary reporting information in quantitative and monetary terms.
The “Transfer to Commission” subsystem is designed for automatic accounting of goods transferred for sale to a commission agent. The subsystem provides the ability to inventory and record the commission agent's report on goods sold, calculate his commission, revaluate goods given on commission and the necessary reporting information in quantitative and monetary terms.
The “Retail Trade Operations Accounting” subsystem allows you to register the receipt of goods directly to the company’s retail outlets, their transfer to retail from wholesale and back, as well as automate retail stores that do and do not keep records of item items. It is possible to quickly record retail profits from each retail outlet.
The subsystem “Mutual settlements and lending (accounting, control and analysis of mutual settlements with counterparties)” provides control over the execution of documents based on the current state of mutual settlements, including data on the movement of goods and funds and their relationships. Allows you to plan incoming and outgoing payments. Mutual settlements with counterparties are detailed according to contracts and transactions (orders, invoices, settlement documents).
The subsystem “Cash Accounting (accounting for cash balances in various bank accounts and at the company’s cash desks)” allows you to automate the operations of cash receipts and expenditures.
It is also possible to manage the intentions for the receipt and expenditure of funds of a trading enterprise.
The subsystem “Working with accountable persons” allows you to: take into account the issuance of funds to an accountable person (simultaneously in the currency of management accounting and in the currency of mutual settlements with the accountable person); enter information about what the funds were spent on; print an advance report; receive various reporting information
The Sales and Purchase Planning subsystem allows you to create long-term plans for sales and purchases of goods based on an analysis of past periods. Various quantitative and total indicators are used as planning indicators. Sales plans can be drawn up for the company as a whole or for individual divisions of the company.
The subsystem “Scope and calendar planning of purchases” implements the procurement planning process.
The process is divided into several stages: at the first stage, the total volume of needs for goods is estimated; Next, it is analyzed to what extent the formed plan of needs for goods can be satisfied by the goods available in warehouses. The user is offered to either distribute the remaining volume of demand for goods among existing orders to suppliers or place new orders. The “VAT Accounting” subsystem accounts for VAT only on trade transactions. Based on this data, a sales book and a purchase book are formed. VAT accounting is carried out only on those documents that are reflected in accounting.
Setting a learning task
Grosshandle LLC is engaged in wholesale and retail trade in computer equipment and accepts goods on consignment. It is necessary to automate the accounting of basic trading operations for Grosshandle LLC using the standard configuration “Trade Management 8.1”, provided that the organization has only three computers: the director, the accountant and the cashier.
Let's look at how the configuration configures information about the divisions of our company.
In order to enable the ability to account for several departments, you need to go to the section in the settings system parameters in a group of teams "Enterprises" in Group "Organizations" set flag "Accounting by division". In my case, the system is already configured and a message is displayed stating that it is impossible to disable this option because production accounting is used. In your case, during initial setup you may need to set this flag.
After this, in the section “Regulatory and reference information and administration” in Group "Regulatory and reference information" the directory access command appears "Company structure", in which the structure of our divisions is set up. Let's go to this guide.
Directory window "Company structure" in configuration 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) consists of two windows. In the left window, the structure of the enterprise is configured and information about the divisions is entered. The right window contains information about users of the information system 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) who work in the relevant departments. This link is needed to automatically insert information about departments into configuration documents 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) when entered by the corresponding user.
It is worth noting that the directory “Enterprise Structure” is not subordinate to the directory Organizations, does not depend on him in any way. That is, a company may have several legal entities, but the structure of the enterprise, its departments and divisions, are in no way related to the legal structure of the company.
We will now need to create several divisions. Let's create the first one. Let us have it "Purchasing Department". We indicate the name. You can also indicate a higher division if one department is subordinate to another. The directory is hierarchical. And you can indicate the head of this department below. Let's write down this information.
Let's go back one level up, i.e. on the structure of our enterprise, and we will create another department - this will be "Sales department". Let's write down this information.
Click the “Create” command. Please note that we have filled in the field “Higher division” - “Sales department”. In principle, you can change this information at any time. But for now I indicate the name of our department - this is the Wholesale Sales Department, and write down such information.
Now in my divisional structure it is clear that the Wholesale Sales Department is subordinate to the Sales Department.
Let's go back to the top level "Sales Department" and create another department, which will be called - "Retail Sales Department" We see how the system displays the hierarchy of our divisions, and let's try to create another division "Administration". Configuration 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) filled out for us by a higher division - Retail sales department. But this information does not suit us. We stand on this field and press the Chief-F4 key to clear this information. Now we do not have a higher division for the “Administration” division. We record such information and see how the configuration 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) depicted the structure of our divisions.
As I already said, on the right side of this directory you can indicate users who work in one or another department. Users can be moved across departments by dragging and dropping.
For example, I have only one user in my system - Administrator, and he is not assigned to any department. I can drag it to the “Administration” division. The usual mouse dragging works here - the so-called Drag-and-drop. And now in the general structure of the enterprise, my “Administrator” user has disappeared. But if I go to the "Administration" unit, I will see the corresponding user. Now, when working in the system as the “Administrator” user, the “Administration” division should be automatically inserted into my documents.
Thus, in the configuration 1C Trade Management 11.2 (UT 11) information about the structure of the enterprise and the divisions included in this structure is configured.
Introduction
Trade (both wholesale and retail) is one of the most common types of economic activity. Everyone trades: aspiring entrepreneurs and established businessmen, state-owned stores and private supermarkets, small speculators and large commercial and industrial groups. The popularity of this type of activity is explained primarily by its relative simplicity, especially in comparison with industries such as manufacturing, construction or agriculture: expensive equipment is not required, investments are minimal (especially if you take the goods for sale or on deferred payment terms), special education not necessary, etc. Therefore, by the way, trade as an occupation for many entrepreneurs is a kind of “launching pad”: almost all large modern businesses at one time began with commercial kiosks, sales tents and small shops.
Modern trading enterprises offer their customers a wide range of goods, which amounts to thousands and tens of thousands of items. Moreover, many items can be sold on different conditions: advance payment, deferred payment, discount, markup, batch size, etc. Clients are often divided into categories - VIP client, regular client, regular client, small wholesale client, etc. Product items can be completed and disassembled, many goods are subject to mandatory certification and hygienic studies, substandard items must be written off, inventory must be periodically carried out in warehouses, each company must have its own marketing policy, etc., in general, a modern trading enterprise is a living organism, in constant motion.
Obviously, all this hectic activity requires automation. To solve this problem, there are special software tools, and in this book we will introduce you to the most popular product designed to automate the activities of a trading enterprise - “1C Trade Management”, which is implemented on the latest technology platform version 1C 8.2.
Chapter 1.
First acquaintance with “1C Trade Management 8.2”
The first chapter of the book contains basic information about the program “1C Trade Management 8.2”. You will learn what the functionality of this standard solution is, what the features of the program are compared to previous versions, how to launch the program, create and select information bases, and much more.
Functionality of a standard solution
One of the key advantages of the configuration under consideration is the flexibility of the platform, which allows the program to be widely used in a wide variety of areas. Implemented mechanisms for managing wholesale and retail sales, marketing activities, wholesale purchases, warehouse and enterprise finances, other assets and liabilities open up wide opportunities for accounting and go far beyond traditional accounting and management standards.
The tasks solved using the 1C: Trade Management 8.2 program can be formulated as follows.
♦ Management of inventories and procurement of inventory items.
♦ Maintaining primary documentation with data reflected in accounting and printing of documents.
♦ Registration and accounting of warehouse operations, maintaining warehouse documentation, conducting an inventory of valuables stored in the warehouse.
♦ Accounting for internal movement of inventory items.
♦ Planning and control of the company's financial resources.
♦ Calculation of the financial result of the company’s activities.
♦ Accounting and adjustment of debt, carrying out mutual offsets, writing off debt.
♦ Maintaining multi-currency accounting.
♦ Conducting and recording the company’s marketing activities, carrying out many analyzes and generating various reports.
♦ Formation of pricing policy and control of its implementation.
♦ Automation of work with company sales representatives.
♦ Maintaining an extensive client base with the ability to store a wide variety of information for each counterparty.
♦ Management of wholesale and retail trade, taking into account all transactions, the formation of orders, registration of receipts, sales and returns of inventory items.
♦ Automation and accounting of customer service.
♦ Accounting for cash and non-cash funds of the enterprise, maintaining a cash book, accounting for accountable funds.
♦ Setting up, generating and printing various reports on transactions performed.
♦ Using a built-in organizer to improve convenience and efficiency.
♦ Customize and use the Desktop to suit your needs.
In addition to those listed, using the configuration under consideration, a number of other tasks can be solved, the presence of which may be determined by the specifics of a particular enterprise.
Starting the configuration and selecting the operating mode
Each software product of the 1C family can operate in two modes: “1C: Enterprise” (application solution) and “Configurator”. The mode is selected by pressing the corresponding button in the program launch window (Fig. 1.1).
The “1C: Enterprise” mode is an application solution of the program in accordance with its purpose. In other words, it is in this mode that accountants, financiers, managers and other end users of the program work.
As for the “Configurator” mode, it is intended for setting up and administering the program. Here configuration objects are created and edited, interfaces and dialog boxes are configured, the appearance and content of the printed form of documents is determined, and a number of other similar actions are performed. Typically, a system administrator or other authorized specialist works with the Configurator, since this requires specific knowledge (administration skills, etc.).
Here we will not consider in detail the issues of configuring 1C, since special literature is intended for getting acquainted with this topic. Let us note that it is not recommended for the average user to edit the Configurator independently without the most serious reasons: this may violate the integrity of the data, and generally lead to unpredictable consequences.
However, some program settings are transferred to the application solution operating mode. You can edit them yourself, and how this is done will be described below in the corresponding section.
To launch the program, use the corresponding shortcut on the Desktop (when installing 1C, it is displayed on the Desktop automatically). Double-click on it and the launch window will open, which is shown in Fig. 1.1.
Rice. 1.1. Program launch window
In this window, you select the required operating mode (1C:Enterprise and Configurator buttons), as well as the information base.
A list of infobases is formed in the central part of the window. This list may contain an information base with a demo configuration; This database is included in the package and is intended for preliminary acquaintance with the program. The information base is selected by clicking on the corresponding list position. You can add new ones to the list or edit and delete existing information bases - there are corresponding buttons on the right side of the window for this.
NOTE
In this case, the infobase is the data that you plan to work with in the upcoming work session.
The path to the infobase directory where the cursor is installed is displayed at the bottom of the window.
The procedure for starting the program is as follows: first, you need to click on the information base in the launch window, and then click the 1C: Enterprise or Configurator button, depending on the mode in which you want to start the program. As we noted earlier, the program is used for its intended purpose in the “1C Enterprise” mode.
Composition and structure of a standard solution
Users of previous versions of the program immediately notice that the user interface has radically changed in the new version of the configuration. At first, this may cause some difficulties, but adaptation takes place quickly, since the advantages of the new structure of the standard solution are obvious.
The main window of the 1C Trade Management 8.2 program is shown in Fig. 1.2.
Rice. 1.2. Main program window
At the top of the interface there is a section panel, which includes links to the following sections of the program: Desktop, Marketing, Wholesale sales, Retail sales, Inventory and purchasing, Finance (this section is open in Fig. 1.2), Regulatory and reference information, Organizer and Administration. The first thing the user must do after starting the program is to select the section in which he plans to work. While working, the user can freely move from one section to another, depending on what he intends to do.
Let us briefly describe all sections of the “1C Trade Management 8.2” program.
♦ Desk. In this section you can create a list of the most relevant tasks, documents and other objects. In other words, everything that requires a priority response is displayed on the Desktop. This section is not mandatory for use, but increases the convenience and comfort of work.
♦ Marketing. In this section, the marketing policy of a trading enterprise is formed: types of prices and price groups are formed, standard agreements with clients are set up, the conditions for providing discounts and markups are determined, marketing activities are planned and carried out, etc. Data from the Marketing section can subsequently be used in other sections of the program.
♦ Wholesale sales. In this section, the organization and accounting of wholesale sales of the enterprise is carried out. In particular, transactions are processed here, customer orders are processed, shipping documents are issued, invoices for payment and documents for the return of goods from customers are issued, work is carried out with sales representatives, etc.
♦ Retail sales. This section is used by businesses engaged in retail trade. Here checks are written, a list of retail outlets is compiled, and documentation of retail sales is maintained. In this case, you can use external equipment (fiscal registrars, acquiring terminals, barcode scanners, etc.), which must first be connected and configured in the Administration section.
♦ Inventory and purchasing. This section keeps records of the enterprise's wholesale purchases, as well as warehouse records. Here, prices of partners are registered, orders are placed with suppliers, shipping documents are registered for the receipt of valuables and for the return of goods to suppliers, warehouse documentation is maintained, documents for the internal movement of goods are drawn up, and a number of other actions are performed to manage inventories and purchases of a trading enterprise.
♦ Finance. The name of the section speaks for itself: it is intended for accounting for funds, as well as calculating the financial result of the enterprise. In this section, all documentation for accounting for funds is maintained (cash orders, payment orders, cash book, advance reports, etc.), items of income and expenses are formed, applications for spending and orders for the movement of funds are drawn up, debt is calculated and adjusted, a payment calendar is generated, the distribution of revenue and cost of sales by business area is configured, etc.
♦ Regulatory and reference information. In this section, you enter regulatory and reference information that is necessary to use the program. In particular, this is where most directories and classifiers are filled in. In the 1C program, the directory is a repository of basic, basic information, without which it is impossible to operate the program. For example, to generate a document for the receipt of inventory items, you need to indicate in it the supplier from whom the items were received, create a list of these items, indicate the warehouse to which they will be posted, etc. All this information is taken from the relevant directories, where they should be entered in advance. Note that you can add items to the directories as you use the program (for example, directly when entering documents), but it is much more convenient to enter the required minimum information in advance so as not to be distracted by it later.
♦ Organizer. The 1C Trade Management 8.2 program has a built-in organizer that allows you to organize work and rationally use working time. In this section, you can set up email accounts, create lists of tasks and performers, schedule meetings, interactions and other events.
♦ Administration. This section contains all the basic settings for setting up the program, and many actions for its administration are also performed here. Here, lists of infobase users are formed, their access rights are configured, a log of system events is kept, accounting parameters are configured, etc.
As we noted earlier, a section is selected by clicking on the corresponding section panel link.
Each section has its own navigation bar and action bar. Using the navigation panel, you select the required operating modes and activate the corresponding program functions, and the action panel is intended mainly for generating reports and switching to some service functions of the program. The navigation bar is located on the left side of the section, and the action bar is at the top, just below the navigation bar links. In Fig. Figure 1.3 shows all the program interface panels (in this case, the Retail Sales section is open).
Rice. 1.3. Program interface panels
As for the main menu of the program, which in previous versions was located along the upper border of the interface and included the items File, Edit, Operations, Service, etc., it is now called up using the button with an arrow located at the top left of the main window (Fig. 1.4 ).
Rice. 1.4. Main menu of the program
Further, in the process of studying the program, we will refer to some commands of the main menu. Note that they do not directly affect the functionality of the application solution, as well as the procedure for using the program, but consist mainly of service and auxiliary functions.
The central part of the main program window displays the contents of the current operating mode. For example, if you click on the Cash receipt orders link in the navigation panel of the Finance section, a list of previously generated cash receipt orders will be displayed in the central part of the interface (see Fig. 1.2). If you want the contents of the current operating mode to be displayed in a separate window, click on the corresponding link while holding down the Shift key.
To work in the selected operating mode, there are buttons on the toolbar, the All Actions menu, as well as commands in the context menu called by pressing the right mouse button. In Fig. 1.2, the toolbar includes the Create, Find, Print buttons, as well as several other buttons, the names of which are displayed as tooltips when you move the mouse pointer over them. The All Actions menu is located on the right side of the toolbar and is an analogue of the Actions menu, which is well known to users of previous versions of the program. As for the context menu, some of its commands duplicate the corresponding toolbar buttons and All Actions menu commands. Note that the contents of the context menu may depend on the current operating mode (for example, when working with a list of documents and in document editing mode, the context menu will include different commands).
In general, work with the program is carried out according to the following algorithm: first, the required section is selected, and then in the navigation panel or in the action panel, by clicking the mouse, the operating mode is indicated in which all further actions are performed. For quick access to them, the most pressing tasks can be displayed on the Desktop - a special section, the contents of which you create yourself.
Keyboard shortcuts that can be used in the program (“hot keys”)
You can use so-called “hot keys” in the program. For example, adding a new position (document, product, etc.) is done using the Insert key, switching to the position editing mode is done by pressing the F2 key, marking a position for deletion (as well as removing such a mark) is by pressing the Delete key, etc. Below we provide a list of “hot keys” that are most popular among users.
Table 1.1.
General-purpose hotkeys
Table 1.2.
"Hot keys" for managing program windows
Table 1.3.
"Hot keys" for working in the editing window
Table 1.4.
“Hot keys” for working in list interfaces and with hierarchical lists
Table 1.5.
“Hotkeys” for working with input fields in editing windows
Table 1.6.
"Hot keys" designed for working with spreadsheet documents
Table 1.7.
"Hot keys" designed for working with text documents
Chapter 2.
Fast start
The contents of this chapter are addressed to those who urgently need to use the program, but do not currently have time to fully study it. In other words, here we will show how to perform some of the most popular operations among most users in the 1C Trade Management 8.2 program.
Main stages of working with the program
The procedure for using the program and the sequence of performing basic actions and procedures may, to a large extent, depend on the characteristics of the organization of accounting and management processes at a particular enterprise. However, proper operation of the program implies a step-by-step operating procedure. To avoid confusion and immediately understand in what order you should organize your work, carefully read this section. Please note that here we will only briefly describe the main stages of the work, and a more detailed description of them is given further, in the corresponding chapters of the book.
The first thing you need to do before using the program is to view and, if necessary, edit its settings. By default, settings are offered that are optimal for most users, but sometimes they need to be adjusted in order to best adapt the program to the needs of a particular enterprise.
In the 1C Enterprise mode there are several commands designed to navigate to the appropriate program settings.
Using the commands in the submenu Tools▸Interface Settings, you can switch to the mode for customizing the section bar, navigation bar, action bar, and Desktop. We will talk about this in more detail in the next chapter.
The main menu command Tools▸Parameters is intended to switch to the mode of viewing and editing additional parameters of the program. As practice shows, in most cases the default settings are optimal for most users.
However, the most important element of setting up the program is setting up accounting parameters. The transition to this mode is carried out from the Administration section using the Setting up accounting parameters item located in the action panel. In this mode, the general accounting strategy and conceptual focus of using the configuration are determined. Specifically, for each section of the program, you indicate which features and functions you intend to use and which you do not. For example, if you want to use price groups, check the appropriate box in the Marketing section. If your company is engaged only in wholesale trade, and retail does not interest you, uncheck the Use retail sales checkbox in the Retail sales settings section (in this case, the link to the Retail sales section will disappear in the section panel). We will look at the procedure for setting up accounting parameters in more detail in the corresponding section of the next chapter.
The next stage of preparation for work is entering initial data into directories, catalogs and classifiers. They store all the information that is necessary for further work. In particular, information about the partners with whom the enterprise cooperates is stored in the partner directory, the range of inventory items is formed in the item directory, data on warehouses is stored in the warehouse directory, etc. For example, when creating a document for the release of inventory items, you will need information from at least four directories: items, organizations, warehouses and partners. You can enter and edit data in directories while you work (for example, from the document editing mode, you can always switch to the directory editing mode and add the necessary data to it), but it is much more convenient to enter the required minimum information into the directories in advance, so as not to be distracted and Don't waste extra time on this.
ADVICE
Before you start, fill out at least the following directories: organizations, partners, currencies, items, warehouses (storage locations), individuals, banks and organizational structures. These directories are the most popular in most cases. As for the rest of the directories, they can be filled out as needed.
The next stage is entering initial balances for product items. This does not need to be done only if accounting is carried out “from scratch” (that is, the start of operation of the program coincides with the start of the enterprise’s activities). Entering initial balances is carried out using the Goods Receipt document, which is created in the Inventory and Purchases section in the mode of working with warehouse documents. We will look at this document in more detail below.
If you intend to use marketing techniques (price groups, price types, discounts and markups, standard agreements with clients, etc.), then at the next stage you need to enter the relevant information in the Marketing section. The procedure for working in this section is discussed in more detail below, in the corresponding chapter of the book.
Once the program has been configured, its directories and classifiers have been filled out, initial balances for product items have been entered and the company's marketing strategy has been determined, you can immediately begin using the program. Since all accounting records must be created solely on the basis of the relevant primary documents, the next stage of work will be the entry of documentation.
NOTE
A primary accounting document is a document confirming the fact of a business transaction and drawn up by authorized representatives of interested parties at the time of this transaction, and if this is not possible, then immediately after its completion. Based on this formulation, we can conclude that, for example, a bill of lading, a payment order issued by a bank, a cash receipt order, or an act of completion of work (services) are primary accounting documents, but an agreement or power of attorney is not. Standard forms of primary documents are approved by law by the relevant government bodies and are required for use by all business entities operating on the territory of the Russian Federation. Standard forms are distributed in the form of forms that can be created on both paper and electronic media.
To enter a document, select the required item in the navigation panel of the corresponding section. For example, the fact of receipt of cash at the cash desk of an enterprise is documented by a cash receipt order, and to enter this document into the program, click on the Cash receipt orders link in the navigation panel of the Finance section. To prepare documents reflecting the movement of non-cash funds, in the same section there are links for receipt of non-cash DS and Write-off of non-cash DS, warehouse documents are generated in the Inventory and Purchases section, for accounting for the movement of goods - in the Wholesale Sales, Retail Sales and Inventories and Purchases sections, etc. The procedure for maintaining documentation in the 1C Trade Management 8.2 program is discussed in more detail below, in the relevant chapters of the book.
The next stage of work is the generation and printing of reports on the activities of a trading enterprise, obtained on the basis of previously entered data. The 1C Trade Management 8.2 program provides extensive functionality for setting up and generating a wide variety of reports. To work with reports, the corresponding action panel items in different sections of the program are intended (for example, reports on funds are generated in the Finance section, reports on marketing activities - in the Marketing section, etc.).
These are the main stages of working with the 1C Trade Management 8.2 program. However, it is worth briefly mentioning the service functions that are designed to block the information base, delete marked objects, work with a list of users, generate a log of system events, as well as to perform a number of other operations. They are accessed using the corresponding commands of the main menu (they are combined in the Service submenu), as well as from the Administration section.
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