When to treat the garden with Bordeaux liquid in the fall. Processing the garden in the fall from diseases and pests: step by step instructions

Due to the fact that bacteria multiply rapidly under the bark of untreated trees, the vegetative process slows down. Plants slowly "wake up" after winter. Therefore, the processing of fruit trees in the fall is very important. To do this, you need to prepare the plants. Treatment of trees that are over six years old begins with the removal of old bark and lichen with a wire brush. This is necessary so that pathogens of various diseases cannot hide. Immediately after removal, the trees need to be processed. The last spraying in the fall occurs when all the foliage has fallen. You can perform this procedure after the first frost. To begin with, all foliage, fallen branches and weeds are removed. The protection of fruit trees is provided by solutions of copper or iron sulfate, urea, etc. Each drug is aimed at a certain type of threat. Therefore, the processing of fruit trees in the fall cannot consist in spraying with only one agent. The drug is selected depending on the desired results. It is recommended to carry out the procedure in question at the end of October.

inkstone

This drug is intended for spraying and feeding fruit trees - apple trees, cherries. After the procedure, the plants are saturated with iron and useful trace elements. Processing fruit trees in autumn helps to improve oxidative processes. The drug fights pests, destroys lichen, scab, moss, black cancer, cytosporosis. Iron plays an important role in the life of fruit trees. Its lack reduces the amount of yield and leads to incomplete development of the fruit. It is very easy to prepare a solution of ferrous sulfate. It is necessary to dilute one kilogram of dry powder in a fifteen-liter bucket of water.

blue vitriol

This remedy, which includes a fungicide, prevents the appearance of putrefactive diseases, scab, powdery mildew, spotting. it is recommended to spray trees twice - in spring and autumn. The treatment of fruit trees in autumn with copper sulphate is especially recommended for pears, apple trees and plums. You can, of course, spray other plants in the garden. Plum copper sulphate provides a protective reaction against moniliosis, klyasterosporosis, coccomycosis, curly. The remedy protects pears and apple trees from scab, moniliosis and phyllosticosis. For fruit trees (up to six years old), up to two liters of copper sulfate per seedling is enough. Consumption for older plants - up to ten liters. Fruit trees are recommended to be sprayed in the morning or evening. The weather should be calm, and the temperature should be from +5 to +30 degrees. From contact with the drug, it is necessary to protect people and animals, and also to prevent it from entering water sources.

Treatment with urea (urea)

Apparatus for processing

The processing of fruit trees in autumn is simplified thanks to existing devices of a mechanical or manual principle of operation. These devices protect the gardener from contact with the preparations, spray them evenly. Regardless of the principle of operation, all devices are equipped with a spray pump. The differences between mechanical devices and manual models are the convenience of their use. And, of course, there is a difference in their cost. Mechanical devices are more convenient, but more expensive. And for spraying trees with a manual device, periodic pumping is required.

Additional processing

The processing of fruit trees in the fall from pests and diseases should not be limited to spraying with copper, iron sulfate or urea. Plants also need to be watered and whitewashed abundantly. The layer of lime on the bark should be at least three millimeters.

If the tree has cracks and wounds, then you need to add a little to the lime cow dung and finely chopped straw. The resulting solution will protect the plant from cracking.

Another way to protect is garden pitch. You can buy it at the store or make your own. To do this, take one hundred grams of rosin and two hundred grams of beeswax. It is necessary to melt these substances (each separately), then mix them and add one hundred grams of unsalted fat. Before filling cracks, the var must be heated.

Autumn preparation in the southern regions involves pruning trees. In northern cities, this will doom the plant to freezing.

Autumn is a very "hot" time for gardeners. And although the crop is almost already harvested, there is still a lot of work to be done. And today we will talk about autumn care behind fruit trees.

autumn care

So, processing trees in the fall. What does it include? The list of agrotechnical measures is quite extensive, so we will consider each item separately.

pruning

Processing in the fall always begins with pruning. It is she who is the main and most accessible method of regulating the yield of a tree. It is carried out both in autumn and in spring. At the end of summer, it is necessary to carry out the so-called preventive pruning. You need to carefully inspect the trees and cut out the weak ones, as well as the shoots growing inside the crown. For the next season, there will be very little use from them, and the only thing they can be useful for is that they will give small, low-quality fruits. Dried and broken branches will interfere with the tree.

Tree processing in autumn: removal of tops

Sometimes, after a complete pruning, nature once again pleases us with warmth and sunshine, and the “sleeping” trees come to life again. So be prepared to appear a large number tops.

This is the name of young shoots growing vertically upwards. They emerge from and begin to grow very actively, sometimes reaching a height of two meters. These are fattening shoots that take away the strength of the tree, but at the same time they never bear fruit and only thicken its crown. Therefore, they must be disposed of immediately.

You can remove such shoots by breaking them off with your hands or cutting them out with a garden pruner. In any case, the tree has a wound that needs to be treated with garden pitch.

spraying

Spraying trees in the fall will help prevent insect infestations in the spring, as well as produce a richer harvest. Immediately after harvesting the entire crop, the trees must be treated with a solution of urea. To do this, you need to dilute 500 grams of fertilizer in 10 liters of water and carefully process the entire tree, including the trunk. This procedure will save vegetation from scab.

It will be nice to spray the trees with a solution of the solution yourself. For this you will need:

• copper sulfate - 300 grams;
• water (warm) - 3 liters;
• lime - 400 grams;
• water - 10 liters.

First dilute copper sulfate warm water. Then pour lime into a bucket of water and, with constant stirring, pour in a solution of copper sulfate. Spraying with Bordeaux liquid must be carried out in late October or early November. Choose a dry and windless day.

Such spraying will help get rid of trees from many diseases:

• gray rot;
• scab;
• purple spotting;
• coccomycosis, etc.

Such spraying of trees in the fall allows you to process the entire garden without harming other plants and beneficial insects.

Tree processing: bark

Tree processing in autumn includes bark protection. In the spring, one can often observe rather deep vertical cracks on tree trunks. They arise due to sudden temperature changes in winter days, when during the day the sun heats the crust, and at night it cools down sharply. This is what causes cracking.

Pests hibernating under the bark can also cause similar harm. Therefore, be sure to clean the tree trunk from mosses and lichens. The bark that has lagged behind the trunk must be removed. This will help to destroy the females prepared for wintering. spider mite, causative agents of many diseases: rust, powdery mildew, bud moth, etc. Be sure to burn all trap belts installed on tree trunks.

The barrel must be whitewashed and then wrapped with a protective cloth. It can be any material. An ordinary rag is also suitable, because the main goal is to protect from direct sunlight.

Whitewashing stem

The processing of fruit tree trunks in autumn consists primarily in whitewashing. It will help protect trees from possible damage due to sudden temperature fluctuations, sunburn and slow down bud break.

To protect the tree from sunburn, whitewash must be applied to a height of at least two meters. Do not forget about the processing of skeletal branches.

For the event, choose dry and calm weather. Whitewashing is carried out after the complete completion of leaf fall.

What to whiten?

If possible, it is better to purchase a ready-made solution of water-dispersion paint. You can use it when the air temperature has dropped below three degrees below zero. The paint is good because it does not prevent the tree from breathing, but also does not transmit ultraviolet radiation.

If you can’t buy a ready-made solution, then you should prepare it yourself. The role of the binder can be performed by bustilate, since when it dries it forms a thin breathable layer and does not dissolve under the influence of water. Whitewashing in this case will not be washed away by rains, and the tree will winter well. It is better not to use clay or mullein, as they are very unstable and will be washed away by rain immediately.

The role of white pigment is perfectly performed by ordinary chalk. To get a quality solution, you need two parts of a binder and a part of a pigment. First, they are thoroughly mixed with each other, and only then you can add water to them. The consistency of the solution should resemble paint.

Whitewashing the trunk can be done using the usual one. But in this case, the trunk must be coated twice, since only then the thickness of the painting will meet the norm. To prepare a whitewash mixture, you will need:

• slaked lime - 3 kilograms;
• casein glue - 80 grams;
• copper sulfate (diluted) - 450 grams;
• water.

Carefully combine all the components, and then gradually dilute with water. The finished solution should resemble good thick sour cream.

top dressing

The processing of fruit trees in the fall provides for the mandatory application of fertilizers. However, now it is worth abandoning nitrogen fertilizing. At this time, the following compositions are suitable:

• superphosphate (preferably double);
• monopotassium phosphate;
• and chloride);
• humus.

By the way, it is humus that can give the tree all the substances it needs. Mineral fertilizers able to worsen the microflora of the roots, while there is no humus. It is introduced during the autumn digging of the root circles of trees.

That's all. The processing of trees in the fall consists in carrying out all of the above activities.

First of all, spraying is carried out to protect fruit trees from beetles, butterflies, aphids and caterpillars.

For example, when spraying an apple tree, you can protect this tree from aphids that form nodules on the bark. And in cases where the aphids are not stopped in time, in addition to the apple tree, it will also begin to infect pear, plum, cherry plum and apricot.

That is, in these trees, at first the leaves will begin to curl, after which they will also fall off.

The plum is also sprayed to protect against the May beetle, which is engaged in eating the ovaries of fruits and leaves.

In cases with a young garden, the larvae of this insect also damage the roots. This can result in the death of the entire plant.

Apple, plum, pear and cherry, thanks to spraying, from caterpillars and butterflies, can save not only their leaves, but also their fruits, including during the ripening period.

How to spray trees in autumn and spring?

There are a lot of tools that can be used to cultivate a garden. They can be used both in spring and autumn.

But we will now analyze the most popular preparations for spraying trees. :

1)blue vitriol . During the summer season, this drug is recommended to be used twice. The first time - at the beginning of spring, while the leaves have not yet appeared on the trees, since when it is diluted in the recommended proportions, it can damage young leaves.

The second time in the fall - after the period of leaf fall.

Copper sulphate is also used as a disinfectant for plant wounds.

Usually this drug is used when processing plums, apple trees (in autumn - at the end of October, in spring - at the beginning of March).

Spray fruit trees best in the morning or evening, in calm weather, at a temperature of +5 to +30 °C.

The consumption rate for one fruit-bearing tree is about 10 liters of a ready-made solution, and for a seedling about 2 liters.

Copper sulfate is considered a very aggressive drug, and therefore it is best to breed it away from people and animals.

It is also necessary to take care that its remains do not fall into the well or other sources of water.

2) Carbamide (urea). Trees are sprayed with carbamide a week after flowering, and when preparing trees for winter period.

With the help of a carbamide solution of a weaker concentration (50 g per 10 liters of water), it will be possible to spray the orchard a week after flowering. Thus, you can protect fruit trees from leafworm caterpillars, suckers, flower beetles, aphids, etc.

In autumn, trees are sprayed with urea after more than 40-50% of the foliage has fallen. In this case, the solution should be stronger than during the flowering period (500 g per 10 liters of water).

But you can also wait until the trees are completely shedding their leaves and apply a solution of more concentrated urea (7-10%), thereby preparing your garden plot for the next season.

In this case, you are spraying not only trunks and branches, but also the soil, and therefore this solution will serve you as a fungicide and fertilizer.

But if you hurry up and apply this high concentration product earlier, it is possible that the leaves of the trees may get burned, and therefore they will fall off ahead of schedule.

And this means that the trees will not have time to get the nutrients they need in preparation for the winter period in the right amount.

3) Iron vitriol. This drug is used twice a year (in autumn and spring), when the plants begin to turn green and when they are preparing for the winter period.

When spraying plants with copper sulphate, two tasks are simultaneously solved, that is, the trees receive the iron they need, which plays an important role in the respiration of plantings, but also this drug is an excellent protection against pests.

If your garden is already old, that is, the trees (pear, apple, plum, etc.) are already old, then we must spray this remedy in early spring and in the fall, which can help you not only in pest control, but also in the destruction of lichen, cytosporosis, moss, septoria, black cancer.

And thanks to this, your trees in the coming year will be able to accelerate the growth rate and increase yields.

4) Preparation 30. This drug is used when spraying apple trees, plums, pears, etc.

It is advisable to use it in early spring and late autumn (200 g per 10 liters of water).

Thanks to the treatment of trees with “Preparation 30”, you can get rid of whiteflies, leafworms, moths, aphids, scale insects, suckers, red and brown fruit mites, which have wintered on the bark all this time.

But besides this, this remedy can help you in the fight against larvae in the summer.

According to the manufacturer, this drug is absolutely safe for the tree itself, since not various substances are used in pest control, but a thin film formed after processing on the bark of the tree.

That is, in pests (in the stage of larvae or eggs) that fall under treatment, the water balance and gas exchange are disturbed, thereby creating unfavorable conditions for their existence, which leads to their death.

5) Diesel fuel. Diesel fuel can also be used, as in spring processing, thai and autumn. But it must be used very carefully. Since with improper spraying, burns may appear on the trees or, even worse, die.

Therefore, this method of processing must be taken with great responsibility.

In the spring, it is best to treat the trees with diesel fuel before the formation of leaves and buds, and in the fall, wait until all the leaves have fallen.

For spraying trees, diesel fuel in its pure form cannot be used. It adds a large number of water and other substances that can reduce its destructive activity.

How to spray trees in autumn?

Autumn spraying of trees is an important part of closing the season and preparing garden plot to the winter period. It will be possible to start this procedure in October - November, that is, when the trees shed their leaves, and therefore the possibility of damaging them with chemicals is excluded.

In preparation for processing, we remove lichens and old bark from trees over 6 years old. By themselves, the old bark and lichens cannot harm plants, but pathogens of various diseases and pests can overwinter there.

The latest processing is carried out after the first frosts, but before that we still need to remove foliage, weeds and fallen branches from the site, that is, everything that has managed to accumulate during the season.

Autumn plunges the garden into the realm of sleep. The last apples are falling, a carpet of yellow leaves has spread under the fruit trees. Not only plants prepare for wintering, but also insects. Pests climb into cracks in the bark, under fallen leaves, hide in the soil. The causative agents of fungal diseases can also easily overwinter in foliage and plant debris. So after the harvest, autumn in the garden useful to spend a number of measures aimed at the destruction of pests and diseases:

• Tree trunks must be cleaned of dead bark and burned this debris.
• Mummified, rotten fruits from the branches and the ground must be collected and destroyed.
• Before frost, you need to have time to whitewash the trunks of fruit trees, cover the boles of young trees with roofing paper or spruce branches, so that winter time they were not gnawed by mice and hares.
• It is useful to dig up the soil under fruit trees (stem circles). Weevils, codling moths, sawflies, who have already prepared to spend the winter there, are unlikely to like it.
• But the fallen leaves from under the trees are not advised to be removed: the leaves will serve organic top dressing milking plants and, like a blanket, will cover the roots in frost. But pathogens can remain in the leaves, you ask. yes, but if you dig and spray the trunk circles, they will not remain there.
• When digging into trunk circles, it is useful to add organic or phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
• Trapping belts, if any, were installed on tree trunks, must be removed and destroyed, because pests - caterpillars and beetles can climb under them for the winter.
• And finally, the most important event - autumn garden spraying.

Should trees be sprayed in autumn?

So, pests and pathogens of fungal diseases can successfully overwinter in the bark, under the leaves, in the soil, and the next year they will continue to host in the garden. If you want to avoid diseases and pests in the spring, you need to spray the garden in the fall!

They process the entire garden as a whole: fruit trees, shrubs, soil.

How can you spray fruit trees and shrubs in the garden in the fall? A concentrated solution of urea or ferrous sulfate, Bordeaux liquid will do.

When to spray trees in the fall? After the harvest. Digging the soil in near-stem circles with fertilization is recommended to be carried out already at the end of September, and spraying trees - in October, after leaf fall (source: "Encyclopedia of country life").

Urea for trees in autumn

• 1 teaspoon per 200 g of water (source: Na Dacha magazine),
• 400 g per 10 liters of water (if you need to prepare a large amount of solution at once).

In late autumn, the garden can be sprayed with a highly concentrated solution of urea:

• 700 g per 10 liters of water.

And then neither on the branches nor under the fallen leaves of pests and pathogens will remain.

A 5% urea solution helps against scab on apple trees. It also serves as a nitrogen supplement. The solution is used to spray trees and soil in tree trunks:

• 500 g of urea per 10 liters of water.

Urea can be replaced with ordinary salt:

• 1 kg is diluted in 10 liters of water (source: Na Dacha magazine).

in autumn, then in spring the trees will wake up healthy, and there will be much fewer pests.

Bordeaux mixture

Fruit trees (apple trees, plums, cherries, pears) and berry bushes (raspberries, currants, gooseberries) can be sprayed with a 1% Bordeaux mixture in autumn:

• 100 g of copper sulfate and 120 g of freshly slaked lime are dissolved in 10 liters of water.

The preparation of Bordeaux mixture was discussed in detail in the article:

You can buy vitriol and lime separately or use ready-made kits for making Bordeaux liquid.

inkstone

If mosses and lichens have settled on fruit-bearing trees in the garden, autumn spraying with a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate will help:

• 500 g of vitriol per 10 liters of water.

If berry bushes suffered from anthracnose and rust in the summer, they are also sprayed with iron sulfate:

• 400-500 g per 10 liters of water.

blue vitriol

There is little information about the use of copper sulfate for spraying fruit trees in the fall in the garden. Basically, copper sulphate is advised to use in spring or summer. It helps a lot in the fight against rot and mold. And in autumn, a solution of 4%, 5% and 7% urea solution, 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture, 4% -5% solution of ferrous sulfate is more often used.

We managed to find the following information on the AiF website: For the prevention of scab, powdery mildew, rust and gray rot, a 3-5% solution of copper sulfate is prepared and trees are sprayed with it, and hollows and cracks in the bark are also treated.

What do you think should trees be sprayed in autumn and with what, which of the solutions do you do this? Share your experience in the comments, we will be glad! 😉

The autumn garden beckons with its beauty - crimson-gold foliage in a sad dance descends to the ground, exposing the slender crowns of trees. It is at this time that it is time for processing cultivated plants from pests and diseases.

Terms of processing the garden

Measures to treat the garden from pests and diseases are tentatively started immediately after leaf fall. It is important to choose a warm, calm day; the start of work should be scheduled for the morning hours.

Different garden leaf fall does not end at the same time, so it is important not to miss this time. The apple tree sheds its leaves later than everyone else, even in frosty December, preserved leaves can be observed in the crown of the tree.

It is necessary to finish processing the garden before the onset of stable frosts, so it will be quite useful to check the weather forecast.

Experienced gardeners carry out a procedure to protect the garden from pests around mid-October.

What to do in the garden before processing

Pests like to gather in fallen leaves and cut branches, and if there are still piles of unharvested garden tops and weeds in the garden, we can expect an invasion of diseases and harmful insects next year.

Before proceeding with the treatment of trees from pests, it is necessary to clean garden area, burn all plant residues infected with pathogenic infections. It is impossible to lay the tops of diseased plants and cut branches of infected trees in the compost heap.

It is worth paying special attention to the pre-winter processing of cultivated plants in the garden, because the views of the garden directly depend on this. future harvest. Preparing the garden for winter is aimed at solving several problems:

1. Freeing plants from insect pests.
2. Elimination of foci of pathogenic infections on garden plants.
3. Reducing the risk of damage garden plants from rodents.
4. Insulation of the garden in winter.

This article will discuss in detail the first two points of measures to protect the garden.

Strawberry (strawberry)

After harvesting the cut leaves and old mulch, where pests hide for the winter, you can start processing strawberry bushes. This culture is susceptible to many fungal infectious diseases, and there are plenty of pests in this culture. Autumn is the time when chemicals will not poison, so processing can be carried out without fear.

1. Good preparations help in cleansing strawberry plantations from ticks: Apollo; Flumite; Omite; Sunmite; Neoron, Nissoran.
2. Larger enemies of strawberry beds die from the use of insecticides, the most popular drugs among them are: Karbofos, Fufanon, Actellik, Fosbecid, Rovikurt, Inta-vir, Tsipershans.

Preventive treatment for diseases is carried out with the help of copper-containing preparations.

Tip from Becker:One of the popular formulations is a solution of copper sulfate with the addition of a soap emulsion. Soap helps to better keep the working solution on the leaves and stems of strawberries.

When preparing a working emulsion based on copper sulphate, it is important to follow the dilution recipe specified by the manufacturer.

Fruit trees

Around mid-October, you can start processing garden trees. By this time, the crowns had almost dropped all the leaves.

Old ones, whose trunks are covered with mosses and lichens, it is useful to treat with iron sulfate (5-7%). Such treatment will reduce the spread of lichens along the bark of trees, help plants better endure cold wintering. Dilution of the working solution is carried out according to the recipe specified by the manufacturer. Repeated processing can be carried out after the onset of the first frost.

Attention! Before spraying, lichens and moss are removed from the bark of adult infected trees with iron brushes.

For processing in the garden from pests and diseases, several drugs are traditionally used:

An additional measure to protect the garden is whitewashing the boles of mature trees. This will help protect the trees from frost, pests and rodents.