Planting fruit trees in the suburbs. Expert opinion when planting apple trees in the suburbs

360 Moscow region told about the most common mistakes.

The annual action "Our forest. Plant your tree" will be held in the suburbs on September 12. Plants will be planted both in cities and on forest lands. It is planned that in one day the participants will plant more than 1.5 million trees - spruces, pines and oaks. Autumn planting of trees and shrubs in the Moscow region have their own specifics. "360 Moscow Region" publishes rules that will help you avoid common mistakes.

Rule 1

It is impossible to plant in the fall plants with an open root system, with open roots, if by their nature they do not tolerate the autumn planting and if they are grown in other climatic zones and have not wintered any winter here. And all the more impossible, if this variety or species has a problem with winter hardiness.

Deciduous trees with poorly branched root systems (birch, oaks, chestnuts, nuts) and hawthorn tolerate transplant poorly. Transplant with bare roots has a bad effect on all conifers, except for larch.

Almost all fruits are at risk, with the exception of the most winter-hardy local apple varieties. Planting of trees, just brought from European nurseries and not having time to reorganize to our biological rhythm, will also be problematic.

If the tree is in a container, you can plant it in the fall, but be sure to look at the roots that are out of the container from below: twisted and overgrown will not be able to take root immediately.

Trees and shrubs with a clod of earth are transplanted in the same way as container ones, but inspect the condition of the clod meticulously. Try not to injure him once again, do not shake, do not shower the earth with a coma, do not expose the roots. If the clod is packaged in a metal or cotton mesh, do not remove it. Such packaging, as the nursery staff assures, is made from materials decomposing in the ground and the growth of the roots does not hurt.

Rule 2

In the autumn they plant only those plants whose vegetation this season has completely ended. If the shoots are woody along the entire length, and the apical buds are formed, the active vegetation is completed. Otherwise, the tree will surely freeze. This happens in dry years, when the rains begin late in August. This is not our case, but we will definitely remember this. Especially when buying seedlings brought from other climatic zones: it will be difficult for them to master the biological rhythms of a new locality urgently.

Rule 3

Do not be late with the terms of the autumn planting. Until October 10, you must have time to complete the planting season. After all, the seedlings should still have time to put young roots in a new place. New roots are the key to success; the tree with grown new roots will successfully outlast the hardships of winter. All, of course, will depend on the fall: if you give out a long and warm, then the planting period can be stretched. Container saplings and saplings with a lump of earth in the event of a prolonged golden autumn will be able to move the planting and take root until November, before the onset of frost. But do not forget about the date of October 10.

Rule 4

Do not overdo it with fertilizers during autumn plantings. In the planting pit, it is enough to apply only phosphate fertilizer, which promotes the formation of roots and is absolutely safe, even with high concentration. Nitrogen, potassium and calcium, introduced in the fall, on the contrary, will be detrimental to the transplanted plant, hampering the development of those roots that are and those that should appear. Accordingly, neither manure (neither fresh, nor rotted), nor lime can be added under planting in the fall! All this should be made in the spring, with the general preparation of the soil.

The only thing that is allowed is drugs - stimulants of rooting. They are diluted with water and introduced during watering.

Rule 5

Do not forget about such measures to help the planted plant, such as mulching the tree trunk, protection of the trunk against sunburn, mice and hares, installation of supports and protection of the crown from the snow break. Any organic material can be used as mulch: peat, crushed bark, sawdust, straw. It will save the roots from frost and help keep moisture in the soil. The reverse side of the mulch is the problem of mice that master warm "apartments" and are happy to destroy the stems of fruit, as well as ornamental varieties of apple trees, plums, pears. To combat them, use plastic spiral nets, which are put on the shtamb, or, in the old fashioned way, wind the trunks of the trees with old tights. This technique, by the way, works great for protection against hares. And hares fear spruce tree branches.

Whitewashing saves from sunburn. It is best to use water-based paint, preferably a special garden paint, with the addition of fungicides that protect the tree from pests. Just keep in mind that the autumn rains will be able to wash away the whitewash, and you will have to update it somewhere in late February, when the sun begins to burn.

Yes! Do not forget about the garter to the support of the newly planted tree. The tree in no case should not swing in the wind, setting in motion the root system. There can be no rooting of any kind. For a small tree, one or two supports are enough, for an adult - a system of stretch marks.

And finally, snowbreak protection. Tie the crown with twine. This is especially true for trees with a pyramidal and columnar shape of the crown, whose branches depart from the trunk at an acute angle, as well as for conifers with such a crown: junipers, tui, cypress trees. Shrubs also do not hurt to fix the twine, protecting them from damage by snow.

Recall to join the action "Our forest. Plant your tree" can anyone. Well-known politicians and public figures will help restore the forests. Svyatoslav Nyaklyaeu, head of the media relations department of the Moscow Region Forestry Committee, answered the actual questions about the action.

Autumn is a golden season, saturated not only with the hassle of harvesting and harvesting fallen leaves, but also planting new trees. Before you begin planting trees in the autumn, you need to study the rules in detail, because not all the trees planted at this time of the year will be gladly taken in your garden, and they will delight you with their beautiful appearance. There are several main features that must be taken into account if you decide to diversify your plot with new saplings in the fall.

So, the first thing you need to know is what kind of trees can be, and which are strictly forbidden to plant in the autumn. Planting fruit trees in the fall in the Moscow region is very limited in its choice due to adverse climatic conditions. Fruit trees, such as apricot, sweet cherry, peach, and pear, are not suitable for autumn planting. It is best to transfer them and almost all fruit plants to spring, because, because of their biological characteristics, they are extremely poor in cold and do not differ in particular frost resistance. There are, however, some types of apple trees that grow very well in winter and tolerate cold.

Deciduous trees such as oak, walnut, birch, chestnut, and conifers are also better not to plant in the fall. After all, they have a special root system, which does not tolerate a change of soil and requires a long time for survival. Therefore, if you have planned a garden with the presence of the trees listed above, then it is better to transfer their planting to a more favorable time of year. Planting trees in the fall in the Moscow region is only possible if it is container plants or seedlings with a clod of earth. This method of planting allows the tree to transfer the transplant much easier. It is only necessary to make sure that the roots are not damaged and not twisted, which can occur if the seedling has been in the container for too long and limited to growth.

The second rule of autumn planting of trees is to make sure that the vegetation period of the plant is over. This is very important, because if a tree is still in the growth stage, then there is a huge risk that it will not have time to take root before the onset of cold weather and just freeze.

Third, the time for planting trees in the fall in the Moscow region is very limited. Therefore, we must try not to be late. The optimal time is the end of September and all of October. This period is at your disposal to finally determine exactly which trees you want to see in your garden in the fall. We, in turn, guarantee high-quality planting and full consultation on the care of seedlings.

When growing an apple tree, the most important thing is to choose a good sapling, and plant it properly.

  A properly planted apple tree grows quickly and begins to bear fruit., pleases with its stamina and beauty.

Fertilizers for spring and autumn planting

At autumn planting potash-phosphate fertilizer is applied.

These can be potassium humate, potassium chloride, superphosate, or a ready-made “autumn” mixture for fertilizer.

The main rule is not to introduce nitrogen-containing mixtures in autumn.   (urea, azofoska, bird droppings, fresh manure)! This fertilizer causes rapid growth of shoots that no longer have time to ripen before winter, and only nutrients are drawn from the root!

When spring planting, on the contrary, nitrogen fertilizer will help the tree to quickly grow and the roots and branches. Bring it when loosening pristvolnoy circle, or dissolved in water.

Suitable drugs such as:

• Urea. 15-20 grams per sapling;
• Dead manure, 1 bucket on a sapling. They mulch the top layer of soil at a distance of 10 cm from the stem of the plant.
• Infusion of bird droppings in the amount of half a bucket. They need to water the apple tree immediately after planting.

Planting and care for columnar apple trees in the Moscow region

The popularity of these apple trees is growing from year to year, thanks to the peculiarities of the species and its advantages:

• High precocity   - bear fruit from the first or second year after planting.
• Compactness   - instead of one classical apple tree, up to 10 seedlings can be planted, choosing different varieties and terms of crop ripening.
• Shallow root system   - suitable for soil with high groundwater levels.

For all its virtues, columnar apple trees have one lack of low frost resistance. When choosing a variety, it is worth checking with the seller whether it is suitable for the Moscow region.

Saplings for planting sold annuals, rarely two-year. Annual seedlings take root better.

IMPORTANT! Planting rules for coliform trees coincide with ordinary apple trees, only dug out smaller, 50 cm wide and deep. All fertilizers are applied in the amount of half the norm for classic apple trees.

Care consists of watering, loosening the circle of the trunk, removal of weeds..

Spring is performed if the tree gives side branches. They are cut with a sharp shears, and the cut is covered with garden pitch.

Watch the video from an experienced gardener about planting columnar apple trees:

Useful tips from experienced gardeners, if you have an apple tree in the suburbs

1. Never buy seedlings grown in the southern regions! Under the conditions of the Moscow region, they will freeze out in the very first cold winter. The best choice is zoned planting material from the nursery.
2. Do not buy high, 4-5 year old trees, although the temptation and great. They take root poorly and adapt longer.
3. Wrap the trunks of young saplings for the winter!   This will protect them from hares, peeling off the young bark of the plant. It is enough to tie one meter of the trunk, starting from the edge of the earth, the hares will not reach higher.

Useful videos

Watch the video about choosing a sapling:

Video about the proper planting of an apple tree:

  Successful to you saplings, easy soil and rich harvests!