Projects of houses with a ground floor. Projects of houses with a basement and a garage

A monolithic basement under a house is a very expensive pleasure, which has its pros and cons. To do it or not to do it depends on the needs of the family, and sometimes on the characteristics of the site. At the same time, you must understand that the basement will require serious costs both at the construction stage and during operation.

pros

The basement floor is an additional space where various technical rooms can be located, or it can be completely allocated to a separate level for organizing recreation and entertainment. In our catalog you will find projects of private country cottages with different organization of basement space. The basement level is actually versatile. It can accommodate a sauna, billiard room, wine room, gym, as well as a garage for one or several cars. Especially the zero level is simply necessary when it comes to building houses on a fairly serious slope. It's expensive, but how prestigious and impressive the cottage looks!

Minuses

The main disadvantage is the price. The cost of building a house can, of course, be reduced by using FBS blocks, but this is not such a significant saving. During the construction phase of the basement, water drainage will be required through the drainage system, and sometimes a drainage circuit alone will not be enough. Plus, good waterproofing with insulation is necessary. (Depends on the region of the country, as well as on the height of groundwater in the area). All this significantly affects the estimate. As for operation, the arrangement of all residential and non-residential rooms will require the installation of various utility networks. It will become especially expensive if a full-fledged recreation area is organized below, because... you will need a lot of light, heat, the required number of bathrooms, which will entail the installation of water and sewerage, and, most importantly, an increase in usable area. All this will add some significant numbers to your utility bills.

In our catalog you will find ready-made projects of country houses with a monolithic or prefabricated base with working documentation. Just buy and build! Nothing extra! In addition to the architectural and construction part of the project, you can order a package of engineering systems.

One-story housing is not satisfactory, and there is no desire or time to bother with paperwork when constructing a two-story building. The projects of houses with a basement offered by Domamo await customers throughout Russia. Finished works with additional space below the ground floor are constantly being replenished.

Advantages of a house project with a basement

If you organize the underground space correctly, you can get another full floor; of course, you can’t arrange a bedroom in it, but there are other rooms that don’t easily fit in the house. But the advantages of the ground floor do not end there:

• the basement will be heated, which means the floor of the first floor will be warm;
• residential and technical premises can be placed in the resulting space;
• the total area of ​​the building increases significantly;
• convenient conditions are created for laying all communications and free access to them;
• Some of the outbuildings that take up space on the site can be moved to the basement.

But if you decide to build such a structure, you should consider using special equipment, since the base will have to be buried much deeper into the ground, and its excess will need to be removed. The living basement must remain dry, for which it must be waterproofed.

The ground floor is usually occupied by a boiler room, a workshop, a gym or a billiard room is equipped there, and if there is a lack of a bathroom, then that too. An additional storage room will not hurt anyone, but a garage built under the house will be convenient to use and can be visited in bad weather directly from home. The basement creates excellent conditions for organizing a wine cellar and storing your own and purchased alcohol products.

Choosing a cottage with a basement

Projects of houses with a basement are ordered by people living on a hill, who do not have the opportunity to install a garage and other outbuildings, since their garden area is small in size.

But when choosing structures with a basement, there are restrictions - they cannot be built in areas where there is seasonal flooding of the ground or where groundwater is close to them. Even with a strong desire, on such plots it will be necessary to invest a lot of material resources and effort in order to implement a drainage system that meets safety requirements.

The cost of the selected project will depend on several criteria:

• number of storeys;
• relief of the area being built;
• project complexity and required drawings;
• area of ​​the future home.

In the Domamo catalog there are different project options; if one of them does not quite meet the customer’s wishes, then it can be changed by adding or moving walls or ceilings. All adjustments will be reflected in the calculations so that the strength of the entire building is not affected. The same applies to replacing the materials used.

Designing houses is not an easy and lengthy process, but designs for one-story buildings with a basement are developed with even higher time and labor costs, since the housing itself is structurally complex and expensive to repair and operate. This occurs due to the adoption of a number of additional measures to provide the basement premises with all kinds of communication networks and pipelines, insulation and waterproofing of all surfaces, arrangement of reinforced ceilings and floors, etc. Photo project of a one-story house with a semi-basement

Development of housing projects with basement areas

Any housing, including low-rise buildings with or without an attic and basement, must comply not only with SNiP and GOST, but also with weather conditions in the region of development. Thus, a light wooden house with a flat, uninsulated roof is unlikely to last long in Yakutia or Transbaikalia. When drawing up a project, factors such as the properties and type of soil, the characteristics of groundwater and soil freezing points, average annual precipitation and temperature are important. Therefore, the customer can make changes to any standard projects of one-story houses, making the housing individual and adapted to his requirements.

Why did houses with a basement and one floor begin to be in demand among all segments of the population instead of the much advertised and until recently popular two-story country cottages with a garage? After all, for both those and these projects, a reinforced buried foundation is developed (most often monolithic and strip type, and this is not the cheapest option), and for a house with a high base, up to 20% of the cost of constructing the base itself, which in a building with two no floors. The fact is that with all the existing expenses, such projects will always be low-cost, and we will consider why below.

The basement floor is not a basement, and its main difference and advantage is the presence of natural light entering the semi-basement through windows, which, by the way, cannot be in the basement. The windows here, although not high, can be made larger than in an ordinary room, thereby increasing the flow of daylight. With the standard SNiP requirements for a base height of 2.5 m, the windows will be located no lower than 1.5 m, which is quite convenient for use. But compliance with GOST requirements does not mean that the basement cannot be made deeper or higher - you can raise the ceiling or lower the floor, and use the additional height of the area at your discretion.

Advantages of a basement project

Builders claim that with a properly designed layout, a house with a basement will cost less than a low-rise building. How can this be justified?

1. If there is a basement floor, the total area more than doubles, and in a house with an attic – by another 50-70%.
2. The basement means warmer floors on the first floor, which means savings on insulation, energy, repairs and the health of residents, because the air in the house will always have optimal humidity due to heating and natural ventilation from below.
3. The additional floor can be converted for various purposes, including living. Often the basement is combined with a boiler room, garage or auto repair shop, saving on the construction of additional premises or separate extensions.

The plan above shows that the thrifty owner used the available space as efficiently as possible. The house has a swimming pool, a boiler room, a sauna and even a gym, and all this is in addition to the standard set of bedrooms, kitchen, hall, etc. Such a powerful increase in premises became possible precisely thanks to the base. Projects of houses on one floor with a basement - this is the most diverse layout. See the most interesting and original ideas below. Base:

1. This is the optimal room for a warm garage, storage room, furnace or auto repair shop, swimming pool, billiard room or bathhouse.
2. It provides a lot of space for a spacious dressing room or a huge hallway, and access to the first floor is carried out through a vestibule with a spiral staircase or (if space allows) a flight of stairs.
3. It can be converted into a dining room to separate the kitchen, where food is prepared, from the area for relaxation and eating.
4. These are separate bathrooms and bathrooms (in the plural), a personal office or a home laboratory. And if you add a bay window to the base, you can safely equip a small observatory. The bay window will protrude by 1.5-2 m, and this area will be enough for organizing or a winter garden, an all-season greenhouse or just a relaxation pavilion with a bench and a small table.

Important! In the design of one-story private houses with a basement, a staircase is always provided - without it, the semi-basement becomes meaningless. A comfortable staircase is a mechanism ≥ 90 cm wide with a tread pitch ≥ 30 cm and a riser height ≥ 16 cm. These parameters should be taken into account when designing.

Construction Features

The base is erected in the same way as a strip base, only with improved insulation and waterproofing. All its protection must be carried out in any case, even if the house is located on a hill and the groundwater is located quite deep. These measures will not allow condensation to accumulate, which will eventually affect the integrity of the structure.

The most common foundation design that extends into the basement is monolithic concrete or slabs. But regulatory requirements for building materials do not prohibit making a foundation from highly specialized grades of brick.

Photo of a brick plinth for a concrete foundation

When building on solid soil, the base of the foundation can be built not with concrete, but with sand and crushed stone. On loose and highly moist soils, a concrete slab is laid under the foundation, on which the walls of the houses are built.

Important! The presence of ventilation ducts and the arrangement of supply and exhaust ventilation in the basement rooms is mandatory! Therefore, in the project, do not forget to indicate the holes for ventilation pipes, which should enter the basement floor 20-25 cm above ground level.

Briefly about construction:

1. Digging a pit.
2. Equipping the bottom of the pit with a sand-crushed stone or concrete pad with a layer of ≥ 20 cm.
3. Pouring a slab that will act as a subfloor.
4. Construction of foundation walls.
5. Laying a layer of waterproofing on the surface of the walls, bringing the base to the zero level.
6. Laying the next layer to protect against moisture and arranging the ceiling. The remaining elements of the house box are mounted on the ceiling.
7. Complete thermal and waterproofing in the basement, outside and inside.

Photo of the ground floor of a one-story house

1. From surveyors: on an area with a flat surface, construction will not be as expensive as on a slope or on an area with difficult terrain.
2. From the architects: the height of the semi-basement floor is an ambitious look for the entire house, because a low base will look like it has grown into the ground, unlike a building with a high one.
3. From the builders: it’s better to start from the corners - these areas determine the geometry and aesthetics of the building.
4. A sunken base (recessed into the foundation wall) is more reliable than a protruding one: it protects the foundation from any unwanted influences, natural and mechanical.
5. Protruding (beyond the surface of the foundation) is the optimal design for a house made of lumber. And to protect the foundation, a “belt” of decorative materials is placed over the base.
6. A basement in the same plane as the foundation of the house is an option out of hopelessness: moisture damages the waterproofing, and protecting such a structure from frost and wind is more difficult and expensive.

As you know, the abundance of design solutions in our time is both an advantage and a disadvantage, because sometimes making a choice can be very difficult.

When considering different options, there are several basic conditions to consider:

• The area of ​​your plot.
• Number of people in your family.
• Your preferences in housing construction.
• Financial opportunities, because if you choose an overwhelming project, you risk building a house for decades.

In recent decades, house designs with a garage and a basement have become very popular. This type of building came to us from the West, where it is very popular due to the practicality and convenience of this type of building.

Technical design nuances worth knowing

If you are considering house designs with a garage in the basement as the most preferable, you need to consider the following factors:

• Type of soil on the building site and groundwater level. Unstable soil is not the best option for heavy construction, nor is the groundwater level too high. In wet soil it is unjustified due to the very high costs of waterproofing structures.
• The cost of constructing a foundation is significantly higher than the classic solution with a strip foundation. Indeed, in order for a structure to be reliable and practical, a combination of the following factors is necessary: ​​waterproofing, ventilation and rational insulation.

Advice! It is quite difficult to determine the type of soil on your own; it is better to seek help from qualified specialists.

You also need to know some building codes. A house being built for individual residential development may have two floors and an attic.

Moreover, if the top floor of your basement floor is 2 meters or more above the ground level, it is considered a full floor. And it doesn’t matter what the height of the room is.

But, if the ceiling is below 2 meters, you can build 2 more floors and an attic above it. Many people miss this important nuance and face many problems after construction.

In the photo, a plinth is considered to be a structure whose upper ceiling is located at a level lower than 2 meters

SNiP states that “The ground floor is a floor in which the floor level below the planning ground level is no more than half the height of the room. Also, a ground floor is considered to be a floor whose top floor is located at a height of no more than 2 meters from ground level.”

If more than half the height of the room is below the soil level, then the floor is considered underground.

It is worth noting that such a structure is best suited for areas with a slope, and the steeper the slope, the easier it is to arrange a basement floor.

Pros and cons of the attic floor

Naturally, this type of structure has a number of differences, which are due to the design features. Only knowing all the details can you make the right decision.

Advantages

• The most undeniable advantage is that your house has one more, almost full floor, while the overall height of the buildings remains virtually unchanged. At such levels it is very convenient to locate boiler rooms, electrical switchboards, storerooms and other technical rooms. Also very often located here are: a garage, a sauna, a gym and even a winter garden.
• A difference in soil level in an area of ​​more than 50 cm makes this design justified and rational, since the costs of a strip foundation increase significantly.
• The design of a house with a garage in the basement saves a significant part of your plot, this is especially important in small areas.
• The monolithic base of the plinth, located below the freezing point, is an extremely reliable and stable structure.
• The floor on the first floor of the house has no contact with the ground, so it will always be warm and comfortable to walk on.

Flaws

• The process is labor intensive - it is necessary to dig a pit covering the entire area of ​​the house.
• The need to install a high-quality ventilation system, especially if there is a garage in the basement.
• Waterproofing of the structure must be carried out very efficiently. The price of these works is high, and they are difficult to do with your own hands.

Examples of projects

The most common designs are one-story houses with a basement and a garage - they are well suited for small areas.

As can be seen from the plan, in the basement there is a garage (7), two storage rooms (6), a workshop (8) and a bathroom (9). The house itself has four bedrooms (2), a living room (1), a spacious kitchen (3) with a dining room (4) and another bathroom.

Advice! You should not choose too spacious buildings if your family is small. Remember that the house needs to be cleaned and heated, and three bedrooms for guests is not the most sensible option.

Another example is the project of a cottage with a garage and a basement floor. The peculiarity of this plan is that all bedrooms are located in the attic. Of course, you can adapt the premises for any purpose; this is not an instruction, but a guide to action.

Another interesting option is small, but very large, in which a garage, sauna, boiler room and even a greenhouse fit. On the ground floor there is an entrance hall, an interestingly shaped kitchen and a spacious living room; in addition, there is a cozy terrace at the back. In the attic floor there is an office and a bedroom; if desired, it can be two bedrooms.

In fact, there are thousands of similar projects; our examples are intended to show how diverse they can be.

Conclusion

If you have reliable soil and low groundwater levels, you should pay attention to such projects. Watch the video in this article and see the rationality of this type of layout.

One of the most inexpensive ways to enlarge your home without taking up a lot of space on the site and without violating the number of storeys in suburban buildings is to arrange the space under the house and create a basement floor. This approach makes it possible during construction to remove all auxiliary premises and separate them from living rooms. Since it is not beneficial for human health to be at levels below zero (that is, buried underground) for more than four hours a day, you should not place a dining room, living room, or, especially, bedrooms in the basement.

Design Features

• It is necessary to think about sufficient ventilation to prevent air from stagnating and humidity from rising, otherwise there is a risk of fungus appearing on the walls.
• Since sunlight does not penetrate underground, enhanced artificial lighting will be required, which must be taken into account when calculating the load on the networks at the drawing stage.
• When installing a sauna, showers and toilets, you will need to install a special sewage pump, since natural drainage underground is impossible.
• The height of basements must be at least 2.2 m, which is the norm for both the physical and psychological comfort of residents.
• In areas with wet soils, the cost of waterproofing will be significantly higher than in sandy or rocky soils.

WITH It should be taken into account that when constructing rooms in the basement where people will stay, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 16 to 22 0 C. In pantries or dressing rooms, heating up to 8 0 C is sufficient.

Use Cases

Installing a garage in the basement is a great opportunity to create convenience for all family members at the same time. This means comfortable parking, saving space on the lot, and the safety of other family members. There are quite a lot of projects with this solution in the catalog:

• original log building on a high stone plinth;
• three-story with a garage for two cars, giving the opportunity to build on a small plot;
• compact modern cottage
• unique, unparalleled

Home gyms and mini-gyms can be located in the basement:

• where the “gym” is adjacent to the sauna and laundry room, and the technical room separates them from the cold storage room;
• a cottage with a corner terrace where the size of the basement allows you to plan a spacious billiard room next to the sports area;
• aristocratic where a staircase hall separates the gym from a large recreation room with a home theater.

A fairly reasonable solution is to equip a sauna or steam room with a relaxation room in the basement, where you can take various wellness treatments at any time of the year. These are projects such as:

• a cottage with a small attic, where on both sides of the shower room there is a steam room and a dry sauna;
• a representative three-story building, whose underground level accommodates a sports area, a games area, and a corner where you can listen to music or watch a movie while relaxing after a Finnish sauna;
• quite economical and compact” with a large shower and Jacuzzi combined with a steam room into one volume.

In addition, the space underground can be completely economic or designated as a workshop. You can fill it with pantries for various purposes, both heated and cold for food storage and home preservation. When choosing a project, focus on the needs of your family, and we will be happy to help you with this.

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