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A small fireplace for a summer house. Fireplace in a small country house

What makes a home cozy? - First of all, its residents. The atmosphere will change depending on how all family members are used to behaving, and from what perspective they build their relationships. Secondly, this is the renovation and decoration of rooms. Agree, well-executed decoration of rooms and thoughtful furniture can provide appropriate comfort, and vice versa - a careless attitude towards all components of the interior will distort and alienate guests from even the most spacious but tasteless house. And of course, the fireplace. Its soft glow gives a special flavor to the entire arrangement of the living room or bedroom, where it is most often planned to be installed. Let's figure out how to make your home lighter and brighter by creating a small fireplace with your own hands.

Kinds

Of course, a large fireplace looks very impressive, but often the size of the room does not allow it to be accommodated. Don't despair, because the mini version is also very elegant and brings an atmosphere of warmth and comfort to any home.

Important! The difference between the large and small versions of fireplaces lies not only in size, but also in structure.

Let's look at the models of mini-fireplaces.

Steel

There is always the option to purchase a ready-made cast iron version or a steel fireplace. These are compact models that can be installed even on the second floor of a private house, if a chimney is provided in advance. Often these products have unusual shapes, and they can be decorated with cast elements and a glass door, which also performs a protective function.

Also today, among similar models you can find small cooking units, similar in size to a stove, which can easily cope with cooking, help warm the room and fascinate with its flame.

Important! The only drawback of such models is their greater weight compared to other options for small fireplaces.

Electric fireplace

A mini-fireplace can have a real flame, or it can be electric.
Modern electric fireplaces are safe, and thanks to the latest technologies, imitation combustion is very difficult to distinguish from real fire.

Bio-fireplace

There is another interesting option - a bio-fireplace. This is a small device powered by biofuel. Perhaps this is the most environmentally friendly type of fireplace today. It does not smoke the room, has absolutely no odor, and will not damage the decoration of the room.

Important! The appearance of such devices will appeal to everyone who loves unusual geometric shapes, and their compact size allows them to be installed in any room: bedroom, living room and even in the kitchen.

Decorative option

If you don’t have the opportunity to make a real oven, you can create an artificial version. To do this you will need a cardboard box, glue, a cutter and a little imagination.

Classic

You can assemble a fireplace in the classic version: from stone, and make the same natural cladding or decor from metal. In this case, the small version of the fireplace will be very similar to the large one.

These mini-versions are a little simpler than their larger brothers, and their design is similar to a potbelly stove.

Essential elements:

camera;
ash pan;
chimney.

Usually this is where the design of mini-fireplaces is limited. Large versions additionally have blind chambers, a filter system and other devices.

Important! A mini-fireplace, like a large one, warms well and gives space for its decor. A brick mini-fireplace is a timeless classic. The shape, size and decor of such a hearth depend only on your choice. And you can create such a stove yourself.

How to place a fireplace?

Before you take on a small fireplace with your own hands, you should understand where you can place it. In any room, it is important that all the elements do not clutter, but make the space more holistic. So, let's look at some basic placement tips.

If there is very little space in the room, pay attention to corner models - they are great space savers.
Do not place a fireplace near your bed, as excessive heat will interfere with healthy sleep.
Also, you should not place fireplaces near work areas - the heat from them relaxes, and does not tune you into the work process.
An excellent option would be to place a fireplace in the living room.
Do not install a fireplace in rooms where children often play or sleep. It is not safe.

When the choice of location has been made, construction can begin.

Building a fireplace

It is much easier to build small fireplace stoves with your own hands than large ones. They will take less time, effort and money, and if a mistake was made during the construction of the furnace, it will be much easier to redo it. Let's talk in more detail about building a brick oven.

Determining the size

First you need to find out the required dimensions. The size of the firebox can be easily calculated if you know the area of the room. To do this, the total area must be divided by 50.

If the size of the room is from 15 to 25 squares, and the height is no more than 3 meters, a firebox 60 cm wide and 50 cm high will be good to maintain the temperature in the room. At the same time, its back part will be 30 cm high and 40 cm wide. For a fireplace of this size you will need from 180 to 200 bricks.

Important! But these are approximate calculations. On site, you need to check all dimensions using a tape measure and calculate the exact values for your future product.

Preparation

For construction you will need:

Kiln and fire bricks - when ordering them, remember to add about 10 percent for broken bricks.
The sand is coarse - before use it must be sifted to prevent the ingress of small debris.
Clay – To create a good fireplace, choose blue clay.
Crushed stone - about two or three buckets.
Level and ruler.
The reinforcement has a diameter of 10 mm and a total length of about 10 meters.
Water.
Cement.
Mixing containers.
Construction mixer.

You also need a ready-made drawing of the future fireplace.

Drawing

The quality of the drawing determines how well the work will be done. The drawing must indicate:

Location.
Dimensions of the fireplace and chimney in meters and bricks.
Layout diagram.
Dimensions of parts.

Important! It is best to make a drawing in different planes, or make a three-dimensional model of it in accordance with the dimensions of the brick and the room.

After preparing the materials and drawing, you can begin work on constructing the fireplace.

Preparing the foundation

You should start building a small fireplace with your own hands from the foundation. The role of the foundation is to protect the floor from damage. If we talk about the fireplace in the room, then:

The foundation will be one layer of fire-resistant bricks, fire-resistant tiles or other material with high fire resistance.
The foundation should be laid so that it protrudes ⅓ of the fireplace itself.

After installation, you can proceed to the back wall.

Back wall

The back wall of the firebox is laid in two layers: from the bottom to the beginning of the chimney. Refractory bricks are placed inside and regular bricks outside.

Important! The masonry must be done on wetted material, otherwise it will dry out and can fall apart very quickly.

The standard wall size is 40 cm, after which the masonry is made at an angle of 20 degrees, which allows it to be raised by another 20 cm. This part is called the “smoke tooth”. After its assembly, the chimney entrance begins, where the masonry ends.

The rest is laid out in accordance with the developed drawing.

Important! Don't forget about space for the ash pan, combustion chamber and ash pan.

Let's take a closer look using an example.

Example

If we talk about series, the diagram can be built as follows:

Solid rows: first and second.
Rows forming the ash pan: third and fourth.
The third row also includes installation of a door support.
Fifth row - installation of the grille.
The sixth row is the installation of the firebox door.
Afterwards the laying is continued according to the drawing.
Row 12 - installation of the cooking chamber.
Row 19 - insert into the chimney.
End of masonry: 30th row.

Important! The initial rows are laid on a mixture of clay and cement. The higher the rows rise, the lower the clay content should be in the strengthening solution.

Afterwards, the chimney is installed according to the drawing. Already on the street part of the chimney you can use not only bricks, but also pipes. After laying out the chimney, a canopy is installed on it.

Joining seams

After installation, it is necessary to grout the joints of the fireplace using sand and wet clay. Be sure to carry out the work carefully and wash off any clay that gets on the brick.
After this, you can proceed to installing the equipment.

Installation

In order for the fireplace to work, you need equipment. There is not much of it, but all the components are very important.

Fireplace insert

You can buy a ready-made version or make a firebox yourself. This is one of the most important elements of the fireplace, so experts recommend not saving and installing a good store-bought version.

Connection pipe

This part is used to connect the chimney and firebox. During installation, the pipe is sealed with fireproof materials.

Smoke exhaust

Installed on top of the firebox. It is better to choose the metal option, since it does not require additional sealing and is also easier to install.

Important! The chimney pipe must be covered with heat-insulating material so that it does not heat up and destroy the masonry with its heat.

Pressure equalizer

This is a lattice-shaped device that can be purchased, but it is not difficult to make yourself.

To create it yourself you will need:

Cut a door 5x5 cm from a stainless steel sheet.
Install it in the side wall of the fireplace 10-15 cm below the ceiling. T

Important! This device will help regulate the pressure in the fireplace. If it is weak, the door is closed, if it is strong, it is opened.

Decorative works

If you decide to make a small fireplace with your own hands, do not neglect clarifying recommendations from specialist practitioners.

In order to do everything correctly, watch videos on the Internet and write down the main points for yourself.
Be sure to replace regular brick with refractory brick when decorating the ash pit and combustion chamber.
During operation, do not forget to clean the fireplace from ash and soot from time to time.
There are craftsmen who lay clay by hand, but if you are more comfortable, use a trowel.

In a limited space, a small fireplace is the optimal solution for creating a cozy atmosphere in all respects. It can be erected in private housing construction, in a country house, in an office or in an apartment on the 17th floor. The only difficulty is the need to fit the structure into the existing architectural ensemble. In addition, it is worth considering the fire safety aspect, because each room has its own nuances.

First you need to decide on the functional component. Simply put, what kind of small fireplace is needed. The simplest and most inexpensive option is electric. It requires little space and only a few hours to install.

Depending on the design features, the fireplace can be with or without a heating function. Regardless of this, the visual simulation of fire is performed quite reliably.

Drywall is used as the basis for the false fireplace. Before you process it with your own hands, you need to make a sketch.

It takes into account the following parameters:

Volume of the room - the larger it is, the more actively the fireplace should generate heat;
The materials from which the surrounding objects are made - it is not advisable to place even an electric fireplace near them;
The prevailing style in the room - the fireplace should match it;
Availability of necessary communications.

A small electric fireplace is an opportunity to equip a cozy corner in an apartment or private house without additional costs. It is recommended to install such a product during the repair stage. In this case, it is easier to connect communications, because not always all aspects can be foreseen at the design stage. In addition, it is necessary to calculate the required volume of generated heat.

We build a small fireplace with our own hands from brick

A more efficient use of free space and generated heat is the brick counterpart of the electric fireplace. As in the first case, it is necessary to take into account the area of the room, the existing need for heat, the minimum required air circulation, and so on. The specified information can be found in the technical passport of the house.

After this, a sketch is formed, the purpose of which is to take into account the existing layout. Simply put, a sketch helps you think through in advance what will be located where.

To a certain extent, the use of computer tools will simplify the task. Thanks to this, you can see everything in 3D format in advance.

The further procedure is as follows:

Drawing up a detailed drawing - it calculates the location of each brick and all associated communications;
You need to check several times that all the dimensions in the drawing are indicated with maximum accuracy, otherwise it will not be possible to build a brick fireplace in a country house or at home;
No less attention is paid to the size of the firebox - it corresponds to the parameters of the hearth;
Once all the drawings are ready and checked, you can safely go to the construction supply store;
Before you buy something, you should make sure that it has heat-resistant markings;
Make sure there is a sufficient number of wooden blocks, the dimensions of which can be 4x4 or 5x5;
If you plan to install a mini fireplace with the possibility of high heat production, then in this case, instead of wooden blocks, you need to use a metal profile.

To build a small stone fireplace, you need to make a sketch and draw up a drawing based on it. Materials are selected taking into account the maximum possible temperature during the combustion process. In order to reduce installation costs, it is recommended to carry out installation at the renovation stage indoors.

Tips: how to build a small fireplace for a summer house with your own hands

Before you start construction, you need to think about the last nuance - how long you plan to use the country fireplace or its brother in the apartment.

If we are talking about a country house where the owner lives for several months during the summer, then in this case it is better to put together a simple option. Firewood is used as fuel.

The advantages of this option are obvious - no need for frequent maintenance.

If you want to get your own fireplace for the long term, you need to do the following:

Select the point where the oven will be located;
The minimum distance between the back wall of the furnace and the building is 15 cm;
The volume of the firebox directly depends on the desired amount of heat;
Even the most powerful fireplace will not be able to heat a room if it is not equipped with its own internal cast-iron partitions.

The duration of use of the fireplace is a key indicator that allows you to determine the minimum required fireplace power. The longer a person uses the device, the more powerful the stove and firebox should be chosen.

Rules for operating a small fireplace

Electric and wood fireplaces require regular maintenance. It is produced with the frequency recommended by the manufacturer, however, there are some nuances here. We are talking about those cases when, for example, soot and fumes form faster.

Unscheduled repairs or maintenance may be caused by several interrelated factors:

Use of low-quality firewood;
Using too wet coal with low efficiency;
Poorly adjusted damper;
Foreign objects entering through the chimney.

Types of small fireplaces (video)

Installation of a small fireplace is carried out on the basis of a sketch and drawing. In both cases, all dimensions are checked, because even a slight error will lead to problems. Heat-resistant materials and furnace power play an important role. The latter is selected taking into account the expected duration of use of the fireplace for one year.

People have long ceased to associate a dacha with a place of slave labor for the sake of a sack of potatoes for the winter. Now the dacha plot is being improved and turned into a place to relax from the bustle of the city. In addition to the house and various buildings for utility purposes, gazebos or terraces with barbecues, barbecues, and a garden are often installed on the territory. If you are organizing a summer kitchen outdoors, you should take care of installing a garden fireplace.

On the one hand you will receive a functional design, on the other – a decorative element in the country house.

The design of a brick garden fireplace is very similar to the fireplace blocks and stoves that we are used to seeing inside the house as a heating device. But still, this building has its own distinctive features.

Organizing a garden fireplace with your own hands in the open air requires compliance with installation techniques and safe use:

Note.

A garden fireplace, regardless of the material of manufacture, must be installed on a concrete foundation, which is covered with metal or chips made of heat-resistant materials.

Very often, due to inexperience, people confuse garden houses with cooking equipment, that is, barbecues, barbecues or smokehouses. Of course, a fireplace can also be used for similar purposes, but it has fundamental differences.

Firstly, it is not very convenient to cook food on it, and soot and fatty deposits will make themselves felt every time you light it. In addition, the fireplace mirror and tray are very difficult to clean, so it would be more practical to use a portable barbecue or barbecue, installing it away from the gazebo. But what can you still cook in a stove with a fireplace for a brick cottage? All foods that can be wrapped in foil, unleavened dough or clay. Also, if desired, you can use it to prepare coffee, tea or other hot drinks; the taste will be fabulous.

We build a garden fireplace ourselves

What do you need?

As with any type of construction, in order to build an object that will last a long time, it is necessary to select high-quality materials. To build a fireplace you will need:

Ceramic single brick with a high degree of density. The greater the weight of the brick, the better for construction.
Clay for bricklaying. Experts advise purchasing it at brick factories, where the building materials themselves are available. This guarantees high quality masonry.
stone. Quantity is not limited.
Masonry mixture.
, crushed stone, sand, metal fittings.
Material for the construction of a firebox with a high level of fire resistance. The best is considered to be the Austrian fireclay RATH or the Russian product ША5.
tiles, glazed or fireclay bricks.

Important.

Fireclay blocks for constructing a fireplace insert can be replaced with a cast iron chamber, which can be purchased at a specialty store. This will reduce the installation time of the structure.

Making a garden fireplace with your own hands

The dimensions of the future device and its design have a direct impact on the amount of material purchased. The location of the fireplace on the street does not limit the owner of a suburban area in choosing the shape of the structure.

The shape of the so-called eternal corner is considered to be the most successful and optimal for use in the country; photos of such a fireplace can be found on the Internet. By its design, it looks like a body consisting of three corners, the side walls of which have increased dimensions.

The base of the fireplace and the shelf are made in the form of an element with four corners. This design allows for excellent air flow into the fireplace. Side walls of increased dimensions are capable of delivering much more heat flow than standard installations.

There are models of wood-burning fireplace stoves for summer cottages, which are similar in shape to the traditional device used by mountain workers to burn coal.

If you do not take into account the non-standard appearance of the fireplace, such a device in the country can ensure proper operation in any weather. The main part of the body, the base and the chimney are made of natural stone. To strengthen the structure and give stability, firewood and stone are stacked on both sides of the body for cutting. If you want to have a long-burning fireplace stove on your property that could fit perfectly into any design, opt for a standard classic design.

DIY brick foundation for a garden fireplace

Taking into account the structural features of the fireplace, namely: the material of construction, the height of about 2 - 3 meters, the presence of a firebox, and this together gives considerable weight, the base for the device must be strong. In addition, the height of the device cannot provide the required stability. The foundation for a garden fireplace can protect the structure from tilting and destruction during heavy rains, which can wash away the base.

A garden fireplace has standard body dimensions of 70 x 120 cm, therefore, a hole needs to be dug measuring 130 x 160 cm, with a depth of 45 - 50 cm.

A cushion of sand with a layer height of 5 cm and crushed stone - 3 - 5 cm is poured onto the bottom of the pit. Next comes the turn of crushed brick, bitumen or any other building material. The pit is filled with concrete mortar at ground level.

After the allotted time for the concrete to harden, the material is laid on top. You can opt for the good old, but proven roofing material. In addition, it is necessary to lay a layer of asbestos cardboard. After laying the materials, they do it on top. In the center of the created concrete slab of brick, a tunnel is laid out, which leads to the back side of the base under the fireplace.

On the sides of the concrete slab, formwork made of plywood or boards is installed. The base of the firebox for the future fireplace is built in the center, leaving space for the ash pan. Concrete mortar is poured into the installed formwork, after laying rubble stone.

After the work has been completed, it is necessary to wait about a month to allow the concrete to finally set. After this, you can proceed to installation, construction of walls and combustion chamber.

At first glance, the base for a garden barbecue fireplace may appear too large, but in reality the height of the building will be 2.5 m and the width 1.6 m, so as a result you will get a proportionate structure. A foundation of such high strength will ensure the stability of the garden fireplace, which is important for our weather conditions, as well as the characteristics of the fireplace. If the body exceeds 1 m - 1 m 10 cm, and the height of the pipe is 270 - 320 cm, then reinforcing material must be immersed in the concrete slab. The fireplace body is provided with support for the corners using steel corners.

Construction of walls and fire chamber

After the concrete base has settled, you can proceed to arranging the firebox. The first layer is fireclay brick. The hole for the blower will subsequently be closed with a grate. A grate from a cast iron or classic charcoal stove works well. In some cases, the lattice is created from fireclay, for this purpose it is laid on the surface on the side, and gaps of 1.5 - 2 cm are left between some bricks.

The initial layer of fireclay stoves and fireplaces is tied together with steel wire. It is best to take soft wire rod with a cross section of 6 mm. Subsequent rows of the firebox are laid from fireclay using stove mortar, with a thickness of no more than 8 mm. A window is left on the outside of the fireplace for loading fuel, with parameters 60 x 45 cm.

To lay out the arch of the firebox, you need to lay 2 - 3 stacked bricks inside. The chamber can be made without a soot tooth, since a garden fireplace will be heated exclusively with wood, so cleaning should be done much more often compared to a home stove.

After completing the process of laying out the combustion chamber, you can begin building the internal walls of the garden fireplace. To avoid cracks, a hot space of 7–8 mm wide should be left between the combustion chamber and the external walls. The external walls are made of red brick, rubble stone using mortar, with the addition of cement and sand. Brick walls are tied together with wire; for rubble stone, grout is made from masonry mortar for stoves and boards are attached, which are removed after the structure shrinks. After about 7 - 10 days, you can proceed to the construction of the fireplace chimney.

Currently, there is a great variety of fireplaces in shape, style and size. New models are constantly being developed and existing models are being improved. This is how the mini fireplace appeared. It is a small universal hearth, which is ideal for small country houses or summer cottages.

In addition to the ability to warm the room, they save space at home and perfectly decorate its interior.

Varieties of mini fireplaces.

Mini heating devices are used for heating both country houses and cottages, and apartments. Based on the type of fuel used, the following types of devices are distinguished:

wood;
gas;
electrical;
biofireplaces.

Wood-burning mini fireplaces are heating structures that run on wood, but are small in size. As a rule, they are popular at dachas.

Their construction requires a chimney. It is also necessary to take care of a sufficient supply of firewood.

Important! Wood-burning facilities, to ensure uninterrupted operation, need a regular supply of fuel.

In turn, wood mini stoves, depending on the material of manufacture, are divided into:

ready-made fireplace inserts;
stoves-fireplaces.

Ready-made fireplace inserts are a heating device with a closed firebox, powered by pellet fuel or wood. This is a great option for a small cottage. Despite the small size of the device, the following is required:

a chimney, which can be used, for example, as a steel pipe;
brick foundation for the firebox.

The fireplace stove is very small in size and does not require the construction of a foundation, it can be cast iron or steel. To connect it, you need to provide a chimney.

Advantages of the fireplace stove:

heat-resistant glass door protects against sparks and accidental ignition;
are lightweight, so they can be installed on the upper and attic floors of the house;
modern models provide the possibility of installing a stove;
the original design transforms the interior of the house, the presence of a living fire allows you to feel unity with nature.

Gas mini fireplaces structurally look like a gas burner, closed with glass. Such devices require a gas supply, the construction of an exhaust, and perform a more heating role.

In modern apartments where there is no gas pipeline, this type of small structure is not available. For a country house in a gasified area, this is an ideal option, as it does not require a constant supply of fuel.

See also: examples of gazebos with a fireplace!

Electric mini fireplaces are small heater-like structures that simulate the burning of a flame in the hearth. This option is great for an apartment.

The main advantages are:

ease of installation and maintenance;
do not require the construction of a chimney and fuel storage;
have a stylish design and serve as an excellent addition to the interior;
variety of shapes and parameters;
have good heating capacity;
modern models are supplemented with various functions, for lovers of naturalness, for example, there is a mode for crackling firewood in the hearth.

The disadvantages of electric fireplaces include:

dependence on electricity;
high energy consumption.

Small heating devices for apartments have not so much a heating value as a decorative one - they decorate the interior, create a recreation and reception area, make the space of the room more comfortable and bright.

Such designs are completely environmentally friendly; during fuel combustion there is no danger of coals and sparks falling out.
No exhaust hood is required; normal ventilation is sufficient.

The following types of design options exist:

floor;
desktop;
hanging;
built-in

Important! Since this is a source of fire, it is necessary to install a bio-fireplace away from sources of ignition, such as books and curtain fabrics.

Biofireplaces use fuel very economically. Modern models have the ability to regulate the strength of the flame and the duration of combustion.

Mini fireplaces also differ in the direction of the heat emitted. The following design options exist:

with one-way directionality of radiation;
with two-way directionality;
with a three-way orientation.

The ones with one-way directionality of heat radiation are the most common; they do an excellent job of heating small rooms.

With two-way directionality of heat radiation, they have more diverse design shapes, but require more air volume, an increase in the protected area under the stove, and at the same time have an average heating capacity. Such heaters are well suited for country houses.

With a three-way directionality, heat radiation looks more interesting, but requires an even more protected area and can heat rooms with a larger area.

Features of installing a mini fireplace.

When creating stoves that carry an open fire, it is important to plan their installation away from objects with an unprotected surface, and to avoid contact with paper, curtains and other flammable objects.

Installation of electric mini fireplaces is possible in different parts of the room, the main thing is to have access to an electrical outlet.

In addition to their heating function, many appliances are used as decorative elements, so they should also be placed interestingly, in harmony with the rest of the decor.

Construction of a mini fireplace for a summer house with your own hands.

If you decide to create a small fireplace with your own hands, you need to decide on its shape and size, taking into account the area of the room, as well as the installation location, taking into account fire safety rules.

For high-quality and safe operation, the following requirements must be taken into account:

recommended firebox size for a brick structure: 0.2-0.25 m2;
firebox depth is at least 0.3 m 2.

Construction:

A small fireplace for a summer house can be laid out with your own hands - this is much easier than laying out a large stove, and is an excellent solution for small rooms.

It is not necessary to be an expert in this field; it is enough to have basic knowledge and follow the tips and recommendations. When laying it yourself, you can create any shape, design and size you like.

If the area of the house is no more than 20 m2, then the recommended dimensions of the future structure are: 1020 mm by 510 mm.

It is necessary to leave channels on both walls of the structure to allow cool air to enter, which is then heated and comes out of the hole in 12-14 rows. This improves the heating capacity of a small fireplace.

At a height of 11-12 rows on the back wall, it is necessary to arrange a smoke tooth and install a cleaning door that allows you to remove soot.

When laying out fireplace elements, it is necessary to use heat-resistant bricks, and when creating a firebox, only fireclay bricks are used.
A mixture of clay and fine sand, purified from impurities, is used as a mortar for masonry.

To install a small stove, you may need to strengthen the floor or build a foundation.

The arrangement diagram for a mini fireplace is simple to implement and is shown in the figure below. When laying, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the seams does not exceed 5 mm.

Important! The thinner the seams when laying a fireplace, the higher its heating capacity.

DIY mini fireplace for a country house video:

Don’t forget to properly care for your fireplace and periodically clean it of soot and soot. And then it will delight you with its beauty for a long time and give you healing warmth.

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Why do you need a fireplace in your country house?

Why can't we rely on the fireplace as a source of long-lasting heating? The fact is that it heats the house radiant energy, which occurs on the hot surfaces of the fireplace walls. Yes, it heats up the room quickly. However, heat is felt only when the fire is burning.

The fireplace is not designed to retain heat for a long time: it releases it only at the moment of fuel combustion. How much wood or coal do you need to store to keep the fire going? And the presence of a stoker won’t hurt either. Although this figure makes us neither warm nor cold, the efficiency of the fire cave is about 15%. Almost like a steam locomotive. In other words, it's a pity for wood.

However, from the point of view of country romance and strengthening family values, the fireplace undoubtedly occupies a central place in the house. Crackling wood and live fire in an open firebox (but preferably behind a transparent screen made of refractory glass), which you can look at endlessly, are mesmerizing, peaceful and relaxing. This is the “signature” appeal of a fireplace, which distinguishes it from a conventional stove. To paraphrase the poet Mark Sadovsky, “I love the fireplace not for the fire, but for the close circle of friends.” Or at least the closest relatives and neighbors.

So a fireplace in a country house is a common thing. Tips from the publication How to choose a fireplace for your dacha: 5 steps to a successful purchase will help you buy a ready-made one. A the algorithm for its self-construction is not so complicated, the main thing is to provide for all the details related to the design and preparation of the site, and select high-quality building materials. And their total weight will be about one and a half tons.

Of course, such a weighty object will require a separate foundation. After all, no floor can withstand such a load. Therefore, everything here is very serious, and you should think about the fireplace and its location already at the design stage of the entire country house.

Where to put the fireplace?

You can increase the efficiency of your fireplace by choosing the right location. The main thing is that it is blocked from drafts, so do not install it opposite windows and doors. Optimally build a fireplace at the inner wall of the room. After all, hypothetically placing it near the outer wall, we will heat the “street”.

A country house must be properly insulated in order to retain the heat that the fireplace provides. The room in which installation is planned must be at least 20 square meters. m. Otherwise, the fire will not have enough air volume for the firebox, and it will “choke.” In this case, you need to think about additional air supply especially for the fireplace. If the building already has supply and exhaust ventilation (an infrequent guest at dachas), then during the operation of the fireplace it should be adjusted to a mode where the air inflow exceeds the outflow.

Designers recommend turn the fireplace into the center of the room to admire the flames. When decorating the interior, do not place curtains or other flammable objects near the fireplace: no matter what, sparks can escape from the firebox!

Crafting Tips

When considering the components of a country house, we almost always insist on the need competent project. This also applies to the fireplace portal. An accurate calculation is needed here. After all, if the fireplace is too large, there will be drafts in the house, and if it is small, the room will not be heated well. The numbers below will help you get your bearings. So, When designing, the following requirements are taken into account:

The depth of the fireplace foundation is about 1.5 m.
The protrusion of the pre-furnace platform must be at least 1.5 m in length and 20-30 cm on the sides.
The walls of the firebox should be inclined (have a negative angle of inclination): this allows radiant heat to be better reflected.
The area of the firebox bottom should be equal to 70% of the area of the entire portal.
The internal cross-section of the blower must be at least 200 square meters. cm.
The height of the portal is twice as large as the depth of the firebox.

A well-designed fireplace will fit organically into the room and will heat it efficiently.

Building a fireplace

The first step is purchasing building materials. It's better to fold the fireplace made of fired ceramic bricks or stone, since the technology is in many ways similar to the laying of a conventional stove. Moreover, no innovations like multi-slit bricks are needed here. A regular red full-bodied one will be just right. White sand-lime brick is almost never used when laying fireplaces; this is not its scope of application.

Red brick fireplace. Photo from www.articles-center.com

In addition to the traditional red, you will need fire brick for firebox- fireclay. The mortar for laying the fireplace body is being prepared from clay, quartz sand and water. And the foundation should be laid for cement-containing mortar.

Attention: The production of dry construction mixtures is one of the most popular counterfeit businesses in this industry, and it is very easy to purchase junk in a bag on the market. But there are also pleasant, one might say, encouraging exceptions. The KNAUF company marks bags with precision down to the second. Moreover, these numbers and marks are clearly visible. In one warehouse, in one market container, all bags should have close time stamps, but they are all different.

Fans of avant-garde solutions are ready to build a reinforced concrete fireplace. The justification can be either free cement, or an acute shortage of bricks, or the desire for originality. After all, constructing formwork, knitting reinforcement and vibrating the concrete mixture is an amateur job. Moreover, with worse thermal results.

Fireplace façade cladding It is made using a variety of materials: natural or artificial stone, tiles, ceramic or marble tiles. On the construction markets you can find ready-made fireplace kits, where the kit, in addition to facing materials, includes the mortar and all the parts necessary for the work.

When developing the overall design concept of a room, you can use the same cladding for adjacent surfaces, as is done in the photo. This way the fireplace fits more organically into the interior. But all this must be decided at the project stage, and not at the last moment.

Chimney: indisputable truths

There are a few regulatory documents, along which the construction and installation of smoke channels (pipes) for fireplaces must be carried out. This:

SNiP 2.04.05-86 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”,
GOST 9817-82 “Combined household appliances operating on solid fuel. General technical conditions",
PPB 01-03 “Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation”.

What is it about these serious industry rules that interests us, summer residents? I will try to outline these requirements in a minimal amount:

Wall and root smoke ducts must be lined made of solid red ceramic bricks of the highest quality(grade not lower than M100), normal firing, without cracks and impurities.
The thickness of masonry joints should be no more than 10 mm. Loose seams are absolutely not allowed.
From a fire resistance point of view, the wall thickness of a brick smoke duct should be not less than 120 mm.
Its internal surface must be smooth and unplastered.
From the outside, the brick smoke duct in the attic (attic) room must be plastered and whitewashed. Wherein it is prohibited to place it next to elements of the rafter structure.
The distance from the inner surface of the smoke duct (cut size) to the protected combustible structure of the building must be at least 250 mm, and to the unprotected structure - at least 380 mm.
The free space between the chimney and the roof structures should be cover with a roofing steel apron. This warning alone indicates the limited choice of places to install the fireplace itself.
It is advisable to install smoke ducts vertically, without ledges. Although, if the internal layout does not allow this, channels with a ledge are allowed at an angle of no more than 30° to the vertical and horizontal deviation no more than 1 m.
If the smoke duct is rectangular in cross-section, its internal dimensions must be at least 140x270 mm. And if a steel sandwich chimney of round cross-section is used, then its internal diameter must exceed 200 mm.

The smoke channel can serve lightweight steel coaxial (pipe in pipe) chimney with a layer of basalt fiber between the shells. Here I would like to warn future users against using cheap fakes. You might reasonably ask what the difference is. The fact is that basalt material can be different:

The most common one is used for thermal insulation. The adhesive composition holding basalt fibers is designed for temperatures of about 250 °C.
There is also a fire-retardant basalt material, where the adhesive composition already holds 750 °C. Although in both cases, basalt fibers are used, which begin their own melting at a temperature of 950 ° C.

Of course, the fire-resistant version is imported; it was noticeably more expensive even before the era of sanctions. Can you guess which of these two materials the “craftsmen” put into this sandwich pipe (this dissonant verb will be surprisingly appropriate here)?

Summary: a factory-made coaxial chimney with high-quality fire-retardant basalt material will completely eliminate the problem of delivering combustion exhaust gases into the atmosphere.

And a few words about fire safety rules:

Be sure to check the smoke ducts once a year: what is the condition of their internal walls and whether there is soot on them.
The smoke duct needs to be cleaned Pbefore the startheating season and during it- at least once every 2 months.

Those who neglect these rules will experience an unexpected soot fire and... Let your imagination complete this picture on its own. Although I didn’t see it myself, according to the stories of my son, who witnessed such an emergency, “... against the background of the dark winter sky, the head of the red-hot iron chimney glowed cherry blossom.”

You can read about how to properly clean fireplace chimneys using modern methods in the article Selecting, installing and maintaining a chimney.

Premier fireboxes

Professionals It is not recommended to light a fireplace during the first month after assembling it. And this is understandable: cementitious solutions gain strength and dry at natural humidity. Why test them at such a crucial moment?

Next stage - trial fires:

For 10 days, 2 times a day, short-term (up to half an hour) heating is carried out with a small amount of firewood. In this case, the blower hole (on the facade of the ash pit) should be slightly open.
It is best to place crumpled paper on the grate, and on top of it - wood chips and finely chopped firewood.
Then set fire to the paper, close the door and open the ash pan. Although if you have difficulties in lighting, you can leave the firebox door ajar for a while.

What kind of wood do you prefer for burning a fireplace?

As practice shows, it is better to use dry hardwood firewood (maple, oak). They will give an even and calm flame. Birch firewood will bring a lot of soot. Alder and aspen, on the contrary, will help burn out soot from the chimney. You can read more about the types of firewood and their pros and cons in the article Firewood - good and different.

Readers will easily share their experience of giving fire additional romantic attributes. So, to get a beautifully patterned flame, you can add chopped stumps and roots to the logs, and cherry and juniper branches to get a pleasant smell. Of course dry wood must be used, since damp wood leads to poor combustion and contamination of fireplace components.

The duration and intensity of combustion depend on:

quality and quantity of loaded fuel;
air supply to the firebox, regulated using a blower valve;
for vigorous combustion, logs of small diameter, but in large quantities, are used;
“leisurely” mode, on the contrary, is provided by a small amount of large-diameter firewood. And this is understandable: after all, the intensity of combustion depends on the area of contact of wood with oxygen. If you take a large log, when will the fire reach all its wood?

From these same conditions of the need for effective contact of wood with oxygen, various tips for stacking firewood in a fireplace follow. I will not repeat the well-known truths about laying a wood well approximately 1/3-2/3 of the height of the firebox. After several fires, you will succeed by experience. The main thing is that When laying logs, do not place them very tightly- in this case, a lack of oxygen may occur. The negative effect this gives is described above.

The fireplace in the country house creates a charming atmosphere of comfort. A good-quality hearth, competently constructed taking into account fire safety rules, will delight you with the beauty and warmth of a living fire for many years.

And lastly: if you are the happy owner of a working fireplace, I suggest posting a photo of it in the comments. Thus, we will have a gallery of real fireplaces from www.7dach.ru with a variety of solutions.

7dach.ru

How to build a fireplace with your own hands

Depending on the design features, the fireplace can be with or without a heating function. Regardless of this, the visual simulation of fire is performed quite reliably.

Drywall is used as the basis for the false fireplace. Before you process it with your own hands, you need to make a sketch.

It takes into account the following parameters:

Volume of the room - the larger it is, the more actively the fireplace should generate heat;
The materials from which the surrounding objects are made - it is not advisable to place even an electric fireplace near them;
The prevailing style in the room - the fireplace should match it;
Availability of necessary communications.

We build a small fireplace with our own hands from brick

After this, a sketch is formed, the purpose of which is to take into account the existing layout. Simply put, a sketch helps you think through in advance what will be located where.

To a certain extent, the use of computer tools will simplify the task. Thanks to this, you can see everything in 3D format in advance.

The further procedure is as follows:

Drawing up a detailed drawing - it calculates the location of each brick and all associated communications;
You need to check several times that all the dimensions in the drawing are indicated with maximum accuracy, otherwise it will not be possible to build a brick fireplace in a country house or at home;
No less attention is paid to the size of the firebox - it corresponds to the parameters of the hearth;
Once all the drawings are ready and checked, you can safely go to the construction supply store;
Before you buy something, you should make sure that it has heat-resistant markings;
Make sure there is a sufficient number of wooden blocks, the dimensions of which can be 4x4 or 5x5;
If you plan to install a mini fireplace with the possibility of high heat production, then in this case, instead of wooden blocks, you need to use a metal profile.

Tips: how to build a small fireplace for a summer house with your own hands

Before you start construction, you need to think about the last nuance - how long you plan to use the country fireplace or its brother in the apartment.

If we are talking about a country house where the owner lives for several months during the summer, then in this case it is better to put together a simple option. Firewood is used as fuel.

The advantages of this option are obvious - no need for frequent maintenance.

If you want to get your own fireplace for the long term, you need to do the following:

Select the point where the oven will be located;
The minimum distance between the back wall of the furnace and the building is 15 cm;
The volume of the firebox directly depends on the desired amount of heat;
Even the most powerful fireplace will not be able to heat a room if it is not equipped with its own internal cast-iron partitions.

Rules for operating a small fireplace

Unscheduled repairs or maintenance may be caused by several interrelated factors:

Use of low-quality firewood;
Using too wet coal with low efficiency;
Poorly adjusted damper;
Foreign objects entering through the chimney.

Types of small fireplaces (video)

kitchenremont.ru

Ready-made solution: compact metal fireplaces

The easiest way is to buy a mini-fireplace made of cast iron or steel with a closed firebox and install the finished device in the right place, taking care of the chimney. The glass door will protect against random sparks and excessive heat, which is especially important in rooms whose area does not exceed 20 meters.

Cast iron and steel fireplaces are attractive not only because of their compact size, but also because of their light weight. On sale you can find models whose weight is less than 100 kilograms. These miniature fireplaces are ideal for installation on the second floor or in the attic.

Among the small units there are heating and cooking stoves-fireplaces that can replace a kitchen stove. These devices are no larger in size than a standard stove, but in addition to their “duties” of preparing dinner, they decorate the interior with a mesmerizing flame.

How to build a miniature home with your own hands

The advantage of a brick hearth is the ability to independently choose the shape, dimensions and design. When purchasing a finished product, you have to limit yourself to the manufacturer’s standards.

Design features

Even a novice master with basic knowledge about laying stoves can build this mini-fireplace with his own hands. A small fireplace is designed for a room with an area of 16-20 m2. Its height is 1120 mm, and the base is 1020 mm wide and 510 mm deep.

On the side walls of the structure there are heater channels, passing through which the cold air is heated, after which it exits through the air vents located on 12-14 rows. Due to this, the thermal efficiency of the equipment is significantly increased.

On the back wall of the firebox at the level of 11-12 rows there are protrusions that form a smoke tooth. To clean it from soot, a rear cleaning door is built in. The fireplace chimney has dimensions of 260*130 mm. Pins are provided for hanging the metal screen.

Necessary materials

To build a small fireplace, 300 bricks will be enough (this amount does not include the materials necessary for the construction of the chimney). Fireclay bricks are used to lay the fireplace insert, and for the construction of other structural parts, you can choose another type of heat-resistant brick.

For laying stove equipment, professional stove makers recommend using clay mortar with the addition of sand. To obtain the thinnest possible seams, the clay should be cleared of large particles by sifting or washing. The sand also needs to be sifted - it should be clean and fine, with a grain size of no more than 1 mm. It is important to correctly formulate the proportions of the components, taking into account the plasticity and fat content of the clay.

In addition to the basic materials, metal parts will be required:

grate size 140*180 mm;
cleaning door (160*270 mm);
four air vents measuring 130*130 mm each;
smoke damper (130*260 mm);
stainless steel for the screen (sheet area 0.5 m2);
pre-furnace sheet (500*700 mm).

Laying a mini fireplace

Before building a brick fireplace, you should make sure the strength of the floor. It may be necessary to strengthen the ceiling or build an additional foundation.

The first row of the hearth is made of 16 bricks. Next, the laying continues, following the sequential pattern. The thickness of the seams should not exceed 5 mm - thin seams significantly increase the efficiency of furnace equipment. Experienced stove-setters apply clay with their hands, but you can also work with a trowel. To control the horizontalness of the masonry, use a level. The side walls should be rotated 25 degrees.

Video: order with explanations

Quick Solution: An Alternative to a Wood-burning Fireplace

If the room is very small, but the desire to spend evenings at the hearth haunts, it makes sense to look at alternative options. Modern electric fireplaces create the effect of a flame so reliably that it is difficult to distinguish an imitation of fire with the naked eye.

Biofireplaces give their owners real fire, but without smoke. In the assortment of these wonderful fireplaces powered by biofuel, it is easy to find very small fireplaces that can be installed in a bedroom, kitchen or bathroom of any size.

For an electric or bio-fireplace, you can build a portal from plasterboard and decorate it with brick-like tiles or decorative stone - in appearance, the imitation will be no different from the classic version. To save on construction and finishing of the side walls, it is recommended to choose a corner fireplace - a small fireplace will organically fit into any design style.

For those who do not want to give up the dream of decorating their home with a full-fledged wood-burning fireplace, but do not have experience in installation and masonry work, we recommend that you do not waste your time, but turn to professionals. They already know where to start and how to quickly turn their dream into reality.

teploguru.ru

The brick is first laid out dry (at the rate of 3-5 mm per seam). Then the bricks, one by one, moistened in water, are placed in place on the clay mortar. Soak the red brick in water for 5-10 seconds (until air bubbles are released). Scarlet brick cannot be wetted - it gets wet and falls apart. The refractory brick is only rinsed.

Refractory bricks are placed on a solution of refractory clay without sand admixture.

Instead, finely ground chamotte is added to the solution in a 1:1 ratio.

The thickness of the fluff is made at least 260 mm with insulation of wooden structures with sheet asbestos. Wooden rafters and sheathings must be at least 130 mm (half a brick) from the outer surfaces of the outer pipes.

To fasten the frames of the blower doors, strip steel 15-20 x 2-3 mm is used. It is impractical to secure the doors with stove wire.
After laying, the fireplace should be thoroughly dried. During the drying process, all valves and doors must be open around the clock. Drying takes approximately 10-12 days.

!It is not allowed to use sand-lime and perforated bricks for laying hearths and chimneys.

When laying a fireplace, the following standards must be observed:
1) the cross-sectional area of the chimney should be at a pipe height of 6 m in size
14 x 27 cm, the ratio of its cross-section to the portal area is 1:3-1:10. It is better to make the chimney cross-section 27 x 27 cm;
2) the dimensions of the portal depend on the size of the room and usually amount to 1/50 of its area. A large portal will overcool the room and create drafts, a small one will not provide enough heat;
3) when the fireplace is lit, until the chimney warms up, smoke is forced into the room. To avoid this, the chimney must be heated by burning a bundle of newspaper or providing artificial draft using a portable household fan;
4) to regulate combustion and eliminate smoke from entering the room, it is advisable to make a damper from roofing iron or duralumin or a decorative grille.

Due to the fact that the masonry of the fireplace is made with a wall thickness of half a brick and on a weak clay mortar, the dressing of the seams must be ensured with a minimum of 1/4 brick.

Pay special attention to the thoroughness of the chisel and surface treatment of the brick for laying out the “tooth” and areas in contact with fire, which is achieved initially with a pick, then by grinding with a corundum stone or hard brick (brick on brick). The processed brick can be pre-wetted - it becomes somewhat softer.

The size of the ash pan is specified locally depending on the size and type of the grate and the ash door.

The rear wall of the firebox should form an inclined plane from 1/3-1/2 of the height. The straighter and smoother the internal walls of the firebox, the more heat is generated.

To increase the heat transfer of the firebox, its back and side walls are lined with bronze sheets 8-10 mm thick.
The height of the chimney depends on its location in relation to the ridge of the roof (see Fig. 6).

Brick pipes above the roof, as well as 50-100 mm below the roof, are plastered with cement mortar.

Recommendations for preparing solutions.
To prepare the solution, sand is sifted through a sieve with cells from 1 x 1 to 1.5 x 1.5 mm. The clay is soaked for 1-2 days and filtered through a sieve with a mesh of 3x3 mm.

Pour a layer of sand into the box, then pour in the strained clay, cover it with a second layer of sand and mix everything thoroughly. A solution is considered good when, when rubbing it between your fingers, you feel a rough layer of grains of sand, and not a slippery film with individual grains of sand in it. A normal solution looks like thick sour cream; it easily slides off a steel shovel, rather than spreading over it. The solution is prepared at least 1-2 days before use.

The masonry requires an amount of mortar equal to 1/10-1/13 of the outer volume of the fireplace. On average, it is believed that for 100 bricks you need to take 2.0-2.3 buckets of clay and 1.5-2.0 buckets of sand.

Clay mortars are low grade mortars (their strength is 4-8 kg/cm2). To increase strength, add 100-250 g of table salt or approximately 0.75 liter can of cement to 1 bucket of mortar. The salt is first dissolved in a small amount of water and only then added to the solution. The cement is mixed with water until a liquid creamy mass is obtained, which is poured into the solution.

When preparing a lime mortar, take 0.5-5.0 volume parts of sifted sand (usually 2-3 parts) per 1 volume part of lime paste.
A complex mortar usually consists of 1 part cement, 1-3 parts lime paste and 6-15 parts sand.

For plastering a fireplace, the following solutions are recommended:
1) clay, lime paste, sand, asbestos - taken in the ratio 1:1:2:0.1 (parts by volume);
2) clay, sand, cement, asbestos (1:2:1:0.1);
3) gypsum, lime paste, sand, asbestos (1: 2: 1: 0.2).

Solutions are prepared as follows. Sift all dry materials through a clean sieve. Then make up a dry mixture and mix everything thoroughly.

Having mixed thick clay milk (or lime milk), mix it well with a dry mixture of other components and get a plaster solution.
To spray, add water to the solution until a creamy mass is obtained. A second layer of primer is applied to the freshly applied spray, leveled and rubbed.

Solutions with gypsum should be put into use no more than 4-5 minutes after its preparation.
After the plaster has dried and possible cracks and unevenness have been corrected, the walls are painted (whitened) with lime milk and salt (take 100 g of salt for 1 bucket of lime milk).

Good luck to you, dear craftsmen!

In a small room, a bulky stove that takes up several square meters of scarce space will look ridiculous. For a miniature living room in a country house or cottage, a small fireplace is more suitable. A built-in, wall-mounted or corner model will fit best into the environment. The compact dimensions of the equipment significantly reduce its weight, simplifying the requirements for the foundation. It's time to find out what kind of mini-fireplaces there are and how to build a fireplace yourself.

Ready-made solution: compact metal fireplaces

Compact cast iron model

How to build a miniature home with your own hands

Design features

Miniature fireplace for a room of 16-20 m2

Necessary materials

In addition to the basic materials, metal parts will be required:

grate size 140*180 mm;
cleaning door (160*270 mm);
four air vents measuring 130*130 mm each;
smoke damper (130*260 mm);
stainless steel for the screen (sheet area 0.5 m2);
pre-furnace sheet (500*700 mm).

Laying a mini fireplace

Before building a brick fireplace, you should make sure the strength of the floor. It may be necessary to strengthen the ceiling or build an additional foundation.

Brickwork diagram

Sequence of laying a mini-fireplace

Video: order with explanations

Quick Solution: An Alternative to a Wood-burning Fireplace

Electric fireplace with live fire effect

Biofireplace in the bedroom interior

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