How to determine the maturity of green beans. When to remove beans for cooking and storage? String beans, photo
Until recently, such beans could be bought only in supermarkets, and now this completely fresh vegetable is sold by grannies on the market. It means that rich in vitamins, micro and macroelements, and minerals, green beans can be grown on your own bed.
How to grow green beans?
If you are accustomed to shopping variation and do not know what a string bean looks like, then imagine a pod without a thick parchment layer or asparagus. By the way, it is precisely for the similarity with this product that the beans have a second name - “asparagus”.
Beans also thrive in buckets and are better protected from pests. In winter, these plants should be indoors. Beans form many leaves and therefore are often affected by fungal diseases, as spores of controversial fungi easily stick to wet leaves and proliferate here suddenly. In the event of a fungus attack, all affected parts of plants are radically cut off and disposed of in household waste, since the spores of fungi in the soil or compost can last for several years.
Regular testing gives the best treatment success. They are especially easy to care for, they do not need help, and they promise a quick harvest. Approximately bush beans can be divided into five different varieties, which differ in no less a degree from the color of the pods. There are green, painless beech beans, green types of glitter and green beans, as well as yellowish wax beans and blue bushes. New breeds are especially high-quality and therefore should be preferred.
It turns out that growing this vegetable is a snap. First, you need to know how the green beans grow. It can be both a bush and a climbing plant - which species to choose, you decide. If you want to plant a bed, then the first option is better, and if near a tree or fence, then, accordingly, the second. Curly beans can not only give the desired yield, but also serve as an ornamental plant, which has beautiful greenery, cute flowers, in addition, does not take up much space.
The location and planting shrubs or fizolov
Shrubs are not very demanding and thrive on almost every soil, and can also be planted in partial shade, but they are particularly sensitive to frost. Therefore, they should be sown only after the Ice Saints in mid-May and covered with wool. It costs about four to six beans per pot. From the middle of May they can be planted on a bed.
Unlike rod beans, shrubs do not need gradients. If you decide on direct sowing, it is recommended to loosen the soil sufficiently and allow the bean to swell in water for 24 hours before sowing, as they germinate faster. In the sowing of rows, beans are sown in rows.
- Vegetables can be planted since the beginning of May, for example, with potatoes. He, of course, loves the heat, but is quite capable of enduring small night frosts. By the way, give preference to early varieties, later ones do not ripen in our climate.
- It is better to choose a sunny, but sheltered place from the wind.
- The soil can be any, but the beans will thank you a good harvest, if you fertilize the land with potassium before planting.
- The distance between the holes should not be less than 12-15 cm, between the rows - not less than 35 cm, and the depth of landing is not desirable to exceed 5 cm.
- If you prefer a climbing grade, you can build a wigwam out of sticks and twigs and plant beans around them.
- Appear after a week and a half shoots need to be watered regularly under the root, feed, weed.
After 35-40 days after you plant the green beans, it should bloom, and in another couple of weeks the ovaries will appear, and after them the fruits.
Beans should not be sown more than 2 cm in the soil. To ensure a more stable bean, the soil should be easily piled up through the seed holes. A small fertilizer before sowing can also not hurt, but a small amount is enough for a shrub.
Shrub upbringing is very easy if two things are taken into account: it is very sensitive to cold and does not require a lot of water. Therefore, it is recommended to sow the planter for a week longer than is possible using fleece and so on on the safe side. During all growth, you must be careful not to irrigate the plant or dry it. Only when flowers are blooming does a greater need for liquid arise, and drying must be avoided, as there is a risk that the fruit will be thrown out prematurely.
When to harvest and how to store green beans?
It is possible to selectively pick beans as soon as the pods begin to form. It is very important to tear them just young and juicy, checking the fruit for maturity every day. Beans that have not been removed on time are suitable only for seeds, so be vigilant.
The more you break the pods, the more new ovaries appear, which means that you do not regret the bush and encourage it to give birth to a new crop. Haricot can bear fruit for a long time, until frost.
Cleaning, cutting and breeding bushes
It is not necessary to regularly loosen the soil, but unwanted weeds are thus removed. If the beans are regularly supplied with mulch or compost, additional fertilizer is not required. The beans ensure that nitrogen enters the soil, so the roots must remain in the soil after harvesting. A notable exception is that plants are infected with diseases or harmful. The beans must then be completely removed from the soil to prevent a new attack next year.
Harvested bean bushes, also called fisolis. Within eight to ten weeks, the first harvest may occur. Since shrubs can be sown until early July, the harvest period lasts from July to October. When harvesting should be careful not to damage the shoots during assembly, as this can lead to growth disorders. This is especially annoying because most varieties can be repeated several times. However, one should not wait too long for the harvest, as the beans get a little woody and dry.
The shelf life of fresh beans is small, so stock up on freezer bags and prepare a tasty and healthy product for the winter, after cutting the pods into several pieces. Rinse them better after defrosting and before cooking. Seeds for future planting can be collected from pods that are overripe and have dry leaves.
The only exceptions are dried beans, which are first harvested when fully grown. In addition, you need to regularly pay attention to the plants, because otherwise no new pods are formed. To get seeds during the new year, some pods must be kept fattening until the end of the harvest. They are completely mature, which is visible through the white color. Now the plants are suspended in a warm and dry place. Once the sleeves become brittle, the cores can be removed and dried.
Diseases and pests of fizol
There is also a disease of burning spots, which is caused by a fungal pathogen and already affects seeds and young plants. It is recognized by black and brown spots on the leaves and pods. Again, no grass has grown against this disease, so in this case also only cutting off the affected parts remains. Exactly when you want to prevent a fungal disease, you should pay attention to a healthy seed.
Since it is easy to plant and grow green beans, it can become a favorite vegetable for the whole family. It is recommended even for small children, so do not neglect such a valuable product.
Beans can be used in soups, stews, it will wonderfully complement the dishes of their meat and fish. It can be cooked in a double boiler (especially useful), cook, fry. This wonderful vegetable is able to fill the body with a deficiency of vitamin A, B, C, E, enrich it with potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, folic acid. Green beans are also irreplaceable in dietary nutrition - it contains easily digestible protein and fiber.
Growing your own beans in the garden is relatively simple and fun!
Fat bean has different names. It is known as a dead end, a string bean or a string bean, and perhaps it’s because of this rather uninteresting name that it went out of fashion.
Dense bean plants - growing and care
The soil must be nutritious and free. Especially during flowering plants need a lot of sun and water, but they can not tolerate stunts. Therefore, the soil should be well permeable to water. The soil is optimally prepared with compost.Sowing in March in the open air. The seeds are quite frost resistant, so early sowing is very promising. Since plants grow quite high, it is advisable to accumulate them earlier in order to increase the stability of the beans. Regular watering is needed for a crop that is profitable.
There is another plus for beans - it enriches the earth. Its roots draw nitrogen from the ground, thereby feeding the plants planted nearby. So, plant and eat beans for health!
Before proceeding to the breakdown of the garden before each new season, the summer resident thinks about how to properly place all the necessary vegetable crops - where to place the beds with zucchini, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, etc. In most cases, gardeners do not think about planting beans. But in vain, because the grain, asparagus andgreen beans are very useful for the human body! This legume culture is rich in valuable minerals, vitamins, vegetable protein and fiber - and, therefore, it is necessary to allocate a place for it on your site. Besides,can easily be carried out around the house, along the fence, between the rows of cabbage and potatoes, under shrubs and fruit trees - separate beds are not required!
Build and reap thick beans
Left broad beans. There was no moth damage and no damage caused by diseases or pests of plants. Black Nile is known to love attacking field beans. On the other hand, you can start early by planting garlic around a flower bed. In the case of infection, scabies can be effective against small plague glands. If the pods are thick and green, they can be harvested. Nipples are broken, and the cores are unwound. If the kernels are already large and thick, it is necessary to remove the cuticle surrounding each bean core.
When planting beans in your plot, you can achieve two goals: harvest healthy and tasty beans, as well as prepare excellent conditions for growing vegetables in the next season, because the beans saturate the soil with nitrogen.
Place for planting beans should be selected depending on what kind of plan you plan to grow. Braided beans will grow well anywhere, an important condition will only be the presence of a support nearby, which can be braided (fence, trees, corn, sunflowers, a pole); Spray beans are best planted between the rows of potatoes and cabbage or in the beds.
Using a small knife is pretty simple. It is also possible to pour out the kernels with boiling water, and then easily remove the peel. Let some pods hang on the plants. They dry in the fall, and the seeds of dried beans can be returned to the soil next year. In addition, dried kernels can also be well stored. If they are to be used in the kitchen, they are soaked with water overnight, then the cuticle is removed and the beans can be cooked and cooked.
Thick beans in the kitchen - just delicious!
One of the most famous recipes is thick beans with bacon. You can also call more on wide beans. When the kernels are boiled for 5 minutes in salt water, a tasty salad is made with goat cheese and dried tomatoes or musra, similar to humus.
Cooking soil and bean seeds
It is best to grow legumes on fertile, light and well-drained soils - so they will grow well and bring a rich harvest. If groundwater is closely located on your site, or the earth is clayey, the beans may not grow at all.
If you want to increase the yield of beans, before planting seeds in the ground you need to make humus or compost. Additionally, ammonium nitrate can be used as a fertilizer with the addition of a mixture of potassium chloride and superphosphate. If there is a surplus of nitrogen in the soil, this will lead to an increase in the growth rate of the green part of the beans, to the detriment of the full development of the pods.
Work from growing field beans to consumption is quite expensive, but the result is worth it. Next year absolutely again! In one grandmother was North German Shnibbesensensupp, with another grandmother of the Rhine Fitsebonsensohnuppe. Both soups were as delicious as my mother's beans.
An advanced machine was quickly ordered online, but then an unpleasant surprise: there were no cut beans anywhere, so these are flat big beans. At least not with my usual vegetables and merchants. In addition, fermented beans must be prepared to destroy the phase substance of the poisonous ingredient.
Sowing seeds of beans begin in April and May, but since the seedlings appear only a week later, and in early May there are often frosts, experts recommend pre-processing the beans before planting.
Seed treatment consists of the following steps:
1. First you need to carefully check the beans for the presence of a grinder damaged, non-standard or sick, sorting out only high-quality seeds;
Cut the cutting beans, cut the ends and cut the thin slices with a 2 to 3 mm bean slice. Then mix the bean sections with sea salt, pressing a little more vigorously so that the lake can leave. Then strain the beans with a plate and a stone or other heavy object and allow them to draw longer.
If a sufficient number of lakes are formed, the beans overlap in glass glass, without air bubbles. Haricot weighs weight and falls completely under the lake. Who loves, can put a strong bean branch on the bottom of the glass. Never put fresh herbs on top of the enzyme, because the risk of mold is significant.
2. so that the seeds germinate better, they need to be soaked in melt water for the night (the main thing is not to leave the beans in the water for more than 15 hours, otherwise, they will “choke”);
3. Before planting, the swollen beans must be dipped into a warm solution of ammonium and boric acid for five minutes - this will scare away the nodule weevil.
Planting beans and plant care
Close the glass and keep it dark for several weeks. After that, store in a very cool basement or in the refrigerator or process immediately. For further processing, the beans must be washed briefly. Not only those who properly cooked smoked bacon and boiled sausages in stews, should refrain from excess salt.
My initial research, unfortunately, showed that this variety is no longer available for sale, but is offered only in the exchange of seeds by individuals. You can find instructions in words and images by clicking on individual pictures. The beans are grown in integrated natural cultivation, so many useful ones, as well as butterflies and lady bugs on the packing packer, have a home! Collecting by hand, beans can be collected in a perfect re-event and enter the sales basket without damage to the combines.
After the air temperature is fixed at 15 degrees, and the possibility of frost at night will be excluded, you can start planting beans. The depth of embedding the beans in the ground is 5 cm. Avoid greater depth to prevent slowing of germination and the possibility of rotting of the beans, and less to prevent lodging of seedlings.
An interesting summary of the beans: The beans belong to the pods. They contain a large amount of calcium, potassium, magnesium and iron, as well as vitamins B2, B6, C, E, provitamin A and folic acid. The beans stay fresh for a short time. Therefore, they should be boiled or frozen as quickly as possible. Already beaten beans can be placed in cold water for 15 minutes to cool before cleaning. If the beans are frozen, they should be sprayed in advance in order to kill harmful microorganisms: after 2-4 minutes in the digester, the beans are quickly dipped into ice-cold water, which retains color, flavor and vitamins.
When sowing bush varieties between the seeds need to leave about 20 cm. Next, the row is seeded at a distance of 40 cm from the previous one. Beans need to be planted in a checkerboard pattern. It is undesirable to do more than four rows.
In the process of planting in the garden of climbing and perennial varieties, you need to put a 2-meter trellis, digging two poles and pulling wire or string between them. Seeds are sown on two sides of the trellis. The distance between the beans - 30 cm. Curling beans can be planted in nests, spreading 5 beans into each well. In this case, you do not need a trellis - instead, you need to drive a peg into the ground, around which plants will curl in the future. Avoid using a metal or plastic support, because the beans will not be able to cling to it.
And then: in the freezer. Beans can not be eaten raw. They contain proteins that damage the body and are destroyed only during preparation. Beans are one of the oldest varieties of vegetables that we know. However, initially only coarse, thick beans served until the Spanish conquistadors from South America brought more tender green beans. In swift triumph, it pushed the fat beans from its place on the menu.
The most important types of beans at a glance
Characteristics and origins of Bush beans are a subclassification of garden beans. Bush beans do not have high requirements for soil conditions and therefore can be processed relatively simply. With a height of 30 to 60 cm shrubs do not need growth gradients. The growth of shrubs ends inflorescence. Bush beans can have flat or round pods that have yellow, green, blue-violet, or black color. Flat toothed varieties often develop thick filaments with increasing maturity.
After sowing the beans, the bed should be poured and compacted with the back of the rake. To protect the seeds from frost at night, cover the crops. When seedlings appear, it is important to spud them so that the plants are resistant.
1. before flowering, sprouts need to be watered no more than once a week (if moisture is abundant, leaves will grow) in very hot and dry weather;
2. after the appearance of the flowers and pods of beans, you need to double the watering;
3. after each rain or watering, it is important to loosen the aisles;
4. remove all weeds as they occur;
5. The first top dressing with superphosphate must be made in the process of forming the first leaf (present), and the second time it is important to feed the beans with potassium salt during budding;
6. After the plant reaches a height of two meters, it must be pinned from above in order to stimulate the appearance of the ovaries.
When and how to pick beans
The taste of beans depends on the time of harvest, so if your goal is to get tasty beans, pay attention to the optimal timing, and try to collect the pods in the morning, while they still retain nighttime moisture. Bean pods abruptly cut off, holding the stalk with a second hand, or cut with scissors.
Beans begin to clean after two weeks from the moment the flowers appear, and they are harvested every 2 days until all the spatulas are ripe. Here it is important to take into account the form in which you plan to use beans? If you need pods with sashes, they need to be harvested, while the sashes are juicy and green, and their length is no more than 5 cm. If you need the beans themselves, the beans must be harvested at the moment of milk ripeness of the "blades", when they acquire the best taste and reach maximum value. Those who need seeds should collect blackened pods.
So, as you see, it is important not only correct, but also correct harvesting with the observance of the time frame. It is also important to properly prepare the beans for storage. For this, ripe beans should be thrashed and dried on paper, then folded in containers, tightly closed with lids, for storage - this measure is important to protect the beans from insects.
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