Neformal type bob gauze 8 letters. Bob Marley: a biography.

Bob Marley is a famous composer, an extraordinary musician, a legendary reggae singer. His fans love and know by heart all fans of this musical direction. Marley became a kind of ancestor of this musical genre, and now, for many years after his death, he remains the most popular and famous performer in the world of such songs.

His image as a musician - men with long dreadlocks, always in a "rastaman" cap, with an unchanging wide smile on his face and with a guitar in his hands - became the personification of reggae as it is.

Bob is from Jamaica. Born in the family of a hard-working European soldier, who arrived from the mainland, and a young native inhabitant of the island. Little Marley barely saw Dad, because he was constantly on assignments and worked hard. Bob's father died when the child was 10 years old.

The boy studied at a regular local school, after its completion began working as a laborer. In adolescence, Bob joined the subculture of ore-battles, which focuses on aggressiveness and romanticizing crime. The external distinctive features of such young people are necessarily a short haircut or shaved head, suit-fitting clothes that fit the figure.

The musical component of this movement was also available - the youth of this wave “broke off” at discos under ska (direction of Jamaican music). It is in this subculture and at this age that young Bob begins to try himself in music and tries to discover and develop his creative potential.

Music

The first musical experiments Bob Marley put on their own, but they were not too successful. In his youth, he became a member of the musical group, with which he achieved the first recognition. His group “The Wailers”, created together with friends and like-minded people, has come a long way and has been transformed many times, changing the composition and positioning in the music arena, but in the end brought its creators first national and then world fame.

Bob released singles and albums, first in the group, and then transformed it into his own author's project "Bob Marley and The Wailers". Together they traveled throughout the United States of America, and then to the rest of the world (in Europe, Africa, Asia).

In the USSR, Marley became popular already at the end of his life - the songs of a freedom-loving unusual singer, who became the voice of a whole generation in his homeland, still went through the Iron Curtain and made an indelible impression on the inhabitants of the Union.

Creativity Marley and his group is recognized among music critics - their albums and singles receive awards, and Marley repeatedly becomes the winner of the title "Best Singer".

Marley's songs united a variety of people - residents of disadvantaged areas of the cities of Jamaica, and the "golden youth". With his creative work, he gave people hope for the best, faith and forgiving and all-encompassing love.

His cult song “One love’ ’has become the unapproved national anthem of the people of Jamaica, it literally brought together politicians and groups that turned Jamaica into a battlefield for their interests during the time of Marly. He wrote this song after an attempt was made on himself - he was deliberately shot at.

Marley performed on stage and delighted his fans to his death until his death.

Death

In the last years of his life, Bob suffered from a malignant disease - a tumor on the toe, which appeared as a result of an injury while playing the singer's favorite game - football. The composer refused to “disassemble himself into parts” and amputate the finger covered by the disease, because he, like a real Rastafarian, had to die “whole.” As a result of a long hard struggle with cancer, the singer lost - he dies right during the tour, and not having time to return to his homeland.

The last months of the singer's life were extremely difficult - the prescribed treatment had serious consequences in the form of hair loss and weakened immunity. The irony of fate is that African-American leader Marley actually died from a disease that is characteristic of people with fair skin. Marley was prone to illness due to the fact that his father was white-skinned.

Personal life

Football really held a special place in the heart of the singer. Bob's love for this sport was so huge that the point of mandatory access to the football field and ball was at any time registered in his rider. And he was really good in this sport: playing at the position of a defender in the center of the field, he literally “stuck” the ball to his feet, nobody and nothing could take the ball from Marley. He had many years of practice - love, even passion, for this sport Marley appeared in early childhood.

All his life with Marley, his wife Rita, who worked with Bob on the vocals at the beginning of his career, went hand in hand. A very young still Bob once met a girl on the street who was walking and singing with friends. Her talent and appearance attracted a twenty-year-old Bob, and he began to look after her. A whirlwind romance spun, young lovers decided to get married.

At the beginning of Bob’s career, the couple lived in love and harmony, but with the advent of incredible popularity, her husband became less and less at home and more and more often had occasional romance.

Rita and Bob Marley had a large and close-knit family - the wife presented the singer with sons and daughters. All the children - and there are as many as four of them in the Marlee couple - are now somehow connected with music and other types of creativity. In total, Marley has eleven children, not counting one adopted son.

Rita showed heroic traits, often raising both her own children and Marley’s offspring with other women. According to Rita, at the beginning of the relationship, Bob was a caring and loving, exemplary husband, but over time he began to cheat on his legitimate wife. In his defense, he said that he wanted many children and simply did not want to bother Rita with numerous pregnancies. By the way, Marley dedicated his most popular song “No, Woman, Do Not Cry” to his only legitimate wife. The woman admits that, although her relationship with Bob can be called normal with great difficulty, she forgave her ex-husband and keeps a most tender memory about him.

Numerous children of Marley pay tribute to the talent of his father, continuing his work. They perform, sing, create copyright music projects or engage in other creative professions. In other words, they all try to leave a mark on history and make this world a little better.

Not so long ago, in one of the glossy magazines in the USA, a number appeared on the cover, which collected all the children and grandchildren of Marley in one frame. The picture has become very popular on social networks, it scattered across the expanses of the Internet. This was the meeting of the decade for the descendants of Marly.

Heritage

There are a number of specific areas of life and common images that will forever be associated exclusively with Bob Marley. For example, it is in his name that millions of teenagers and students justify their desire to smoke light narcotic herbs. After all, Marley himself frankly admitted that he does this regularly. He could even afford to go on stage, holding a “jamb” in his lips.

Invaluable role played by Marly in the spread of Rastafarianism. The followers of this faith snapped up his songs for quotations, and considered the singer the messenger of their true faith. The influence of Marley on the development of the philosophy of Pan-Africanism among a certain category of people is enormous. His contribution is incredible, he became the ambassador of this idea and really changed the course of history with his actions and creativity. For this, he was awarded several prizes and awards.

Despite the fact that Marly died in the last century, his work and philosophy of life are gaining more and more new fans to this day. His photos are printed on things of the mass market and on things that are in the collections of the first lines of world fashion brands. Marley has many lovers in songs and in modern Hollywood there are singer and actress Eliza Taylor and many others.

The sayings of Bob Marley have become catch phrase and phrases, and his last words - that it is impossible to buy life for a coin - have become an aphorism.

Sold out over 20 million records and in 1994, posthumously introduced into the "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame", Bob Marley was essentially the first superstar to have risen in the country of the so-called Third World. Robert Nesta Marley was born on February 6, 1945 in the parish of St. Anne. His father was white middle-aged, and his mother was a young black girl. This misalliance did not contribute to a normal marriage, so little Bob could hardly see the parent. After becoming a teenager, Marley moved to the outskirts of Kingston, called her poor inhabitants of Trench Town. Growing up in slums and tempered in street fights, Bob eventually began to pay more and more attention to music, especially since the island developed an original style of ska, which was a local adaptation of the American soul and rhythm and blues. Waves of US radio stations conveyed to Jamaica the voices of artists such as Ray Charles, Fats Domino, Curtis Mayfield and Brooke Benton, and black vocal groups like "The Drifters" were particularly popular with Bob and his friends. When Marley left school at the age of 14, the mother tried to find him a profitable occupation and arranged for the welder as an apprentice, but the idea failed. While he was at work, Bob got a piece of iron in his eye and, sending welding to all the devils, the guy focused on safer for health music.

Together with his friend Neville "Bunny" Livingstone, he took vocal lessons from Joe Higgs, a popular singer in Jamaica, and during these classes he met another ambitious guy, Peter McIntosh. In 1962, Marley, under the leadership of local entrepreneur Leslie Kong, first recorded several tracks. Two songs were heard on the radio and attracted some public attention, but there was no further movement. The following year, Bob decided that it was better to achieve success as a member of the group, and together with Livingstone and McIntosh (by that time Tosh) he organized "The Wailing Wailers". The first single "Simmer Down" calling for the ghetto youth to control their emotions and actions, released in 1963 on the "Coxsone" label, led the Jamaican charts and stayed on top for about two months.

  In subsequent years, "Wailers" continued to publish their records, but the popularity of the group did not leave the country, and the release of records did not bring much income. In 1966, Marley followed his mother to the States, but his stay there was not long, and driven by the call of Rastafarianism, the musician returned to his homeland. Upon returning to Jamaica, Bob acquired dreadlocks and, together with his colleagues, organized the label "Wail" N Soul "M" to which the revived "Wailers" and the female band "The Soulettes" (in which Marley’s wife Marley sang) were attributed. At the turn of the 70s, the group began to work with the pioneer dub, producer Lee Perry, which markedly changed its sound and led from ska and rokstedi to classic reggae. A serious commercial breakthrough happened in 1972, when Marley, during his stay in London, signed a contract with Island Records (the previous major alliance with CBS collapsed very quickly). The owner of this company came from Jamaica and therefore did not hesitate to sign his countrymen. Until that time, it was believed that reggae music could only be released on singles and cheap compilations, but the album "Catch A Fire", on which the company advanced "Wailers" 4000 pounds, broke the foul rule. And although it was impossible to say that the disc immediately became a hit, many people paid attention to the colorful Jamaican rhythms. In support of the album, "Wailers" had a tour, and in its American part, they performed together with "Sly & The Family Stone" and almost pushed the headliners.

In the fall of 1973, another giant came out, "Burnin", which included both the processing of old songs and new things, among which were the rebel hymn "Get Up, Stand Up" and the famous "I Shot The Sheriff" by Eric Clapton. In 1974, Marly spent most of his time in the studio recording one of his best albums, "Natty Dread," reflecting the social and political sentiments of the Jamaican people. Bunny and Peter had already left the band by that time, and Bob and the other accompanying line-up now performed under the banner "Bob Marley & The Wailers". The first track "Lively Up Yourself" with soaked reggae blues. Rli was later often used for opening concerts, the title composition played a significant role in spreading Rastafarian ideas around the world, and the song "No Woman, No Cry" with memories of street battles in Trench Town was the first international hit for the artist (UK 40).

  Marley’s popularity grew steadily, and his next creation, "Rastaman Vibration", got into the American charts and even burst into the top ten. The most interesting song on the disc was "War", the texts for which Bob borrowed from the speech of the emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassi, delivered at the UN General Assembly. As the singer’s international success grew, his political influence grew in Jamaica. However, there were negative moments in this, and in 1976, during the election period, Marley and his wife were assassinated. After that incident, the singer still gave one concert at home, and then went to London to record the album "Exodus", the name of which was paralleled with the biblical "outcome", but also concerned Africa and Africans. The title track, calling on the people of Jah to Change, with its stunning reggae, rock and soul funk amalgam, being a single, became a British hit. Popularity also found the song "Jamming", "Waiting In Vain", "One Love / People Get Ready", and the album spent more than a year in the English charts. The next full-length film also turned out to be commercially successful, but at the same time "" Kaya "was performed in a more relaxed manner, and the main success was in the romantic singles" Satisfy My Soul "and" Is This Love? ".

In the same 1978, the musician played "One Love Peace Concert" in Jamaica, received a peace prize at the UN and visited the spiritual home of the Rastafarian - in Ethiopia. Marley’s impressions of her visit to Africa were reflected on the album Survival, as evidenced, for example, by the names of the songs Africa Unite and Zimbabwe. This work also became a worthy adornment of the discography of "Bob Marley & The Wailers", but for Bob it turned out to be the penultimate. The album "Uprising" became the final lifetime studios album, where the unformatted things for reggae were hit, the disco number "Could You Be Loved" and the folk "Redemption Song". Back in 1977, Marly was diagnosed with malignant melanoma on his big toe, however, following the traditions of the Rastafarian, the musician refused to have an amputation. The disease progressed as a result, and Bob was not helped even by the treatment of German specialists. Feeling that his days were numbered, Marley wanted to take a last look at Jamaica, but did not reach his homeland and died in Florida on May 11, 1981.

Bob Marley I is one of the most prominent and significant reggae performers. Despite the fact that the singer is no longer among the living his work does not die and continues to gain popularity.

Childhood and youth

Bob Marley was born on February 6, 1945 in Jamaica. The boy’s parents were a British general and a simple, young islander. Because of his job duties, the boy's father practically did not participate in his upbringing and was constantly lost on missions for a long time. The boy's mother was too young to somehow influence the development of character in the boy. At the age of 10 years, the boy's father died on the assignment. Mother worked all day, and the boy was put at his own disposal.

Life without a parent, a solid word led him to the company of ore-battles. Aggressive and uncontrollable adolescents spent their time either in clubs dancing under ska or in fights that never ended in good. Despite the inappropriate atmosphere, the guy is trying to develop his musical interest. In the late 50s, his family, like many at the time, moved to the capital of Jamaica, Kingston. But immigrants from unsecured villages could not afford a luxurious life, so they had to survive in crumbs in the poorest district. School performance left a lot to be desired, Bob never wanted to get good grades.

The first steps in the work

At school, he met Neville Livingstone, who helped the musician develop his creative skills. Something like passing school exams Marley graduated and went to work as a welder at the factory. A great contribution to the formation of vocal played Joe Higgs. Not a little known Jamaican performer saw fire in the eyes of young musicians and sometimes gave them vocal lessons. Starting spinning in local music circles, Bob starts an acquaintance with Peter Tosh and starts working with him. The debut of the musician took place when he was 18 years old. He created the single "Judge Not" with Higgs and his friends. In 1962, he and his family decided to audition for Leslie Kong, who appreciated the skills of the new group and recorded a couple of joint compositions. In the end, he created the “The Wailers” team from his friends, not once did the lineup and the direction with which they worked changed. Working together with people who clearly understood what they wanted brought the benefits almost immediately.

The first disc, "Simmer Down," took off to the top of the charts and sold over 80,000 copies throughout Jamaica. Not wanting to limit themselves to Jamaica alone, they gave a tour of the United States and won the love of the public. Unfortunately, not all the band members were satisfied with their place on the stage and left the band. As a result, the group broke up, and for some time the musician ceased his activities. Bob's mother moved to the United States and lived there so after the collapse of the group, the musician went to her. For some time he worked in a car factory, but realizing that this was not what he wanted from life, he returned to his homeland.

Success

Having decided to reinstate the group, he invites Bunny and Tosh for cooperation. And the musicians began anew in the trio as they had once been in their youth. To increase their popularity, the band released songs in ska, kaiso and fusion styles. Bek I Threes also joined the band. It is at this time that Marley meets her first and only love in the future wife Rita. The musician immediately fell in love with a charming cheerful girl with a piercingly strong voice. Popularity in Jamaica has increased with a new force, but did not go beyond the boundaries of native lands. Even after the creation of the private company Tuff Gong, the situation did not change much. But the situation cleared up after Bob’s collaboration with singer Johnny Nash for whom he wrote several songs.

The popularity of the songs was overwhelming and a year later Bob and his team agreed to cooperate with Island Records. The first product of the joint work was a collection of “Catch a Fire” interest in this product has grown beyond the borders of Jamaica. A great push in increasing fame was a cover of British rock musician Eric Clapton on one of the compositions of the collection “Catch a Fire”. In 1973, the team gave several concerts in the United States, after which the group broke up. But the singer did not leave his musical activity and began to work independently. His new songs occupied the top lines of the pop music and soul charts. This state of affairs prompted the singer to a world tour, and he and his friends went with concerts to Africa, Europe and America.

Peacekeeping

Bob becoming a Rastafarian always tried to keep the world as far as he could. He often held political concerts at which he called for peace. At one of these speeches, he invited two leaders of the opposing groups and invited them to shake hands for the sake of reconciliation. However, not always everything went smoothly and one of the peace concerts was in jeopardy, and the life of the singer and his family was a close to death. As part of the support of Michael Manley who was the representative of the authorities in Jamaica, the singer was going to give a speech to "Smile Jamaica" who urged people to stop the impending civil war. But a day before the event, the singer's house, in which his relatives and he himself were, was fired upon with rifles by unknown persons.

Having received multiple injuries, the singer refused to postpone the concert. He held a concert in an hour and a half calling people for peace. In the end, if the singer could not completely eliminate the enmity, he detained her for a period that prepared his life. In 1977, Marley was found to have a melanoma on her leg, and amputation was required to stop her malignant effect on the body. The singer’s faith did not accept any “deprivations” by carrying the idea that the human body should be “complete”. In addition to all this, Bob loved to play football, and amputation would take away from him what he loves so much. In 1980, the singer performs in Zimbabwe, which became independent from the UK. Bob Marley with his freedom-loving looks and inspiring songs became a symbol of the locals who were or were dependent on other countries. After several concerts in Africa, the singer went to Germany and held a number of successful performances there.

Last years of activity

The next destination was the United States, but the tour had to be canceled. Marley’s health condition deteriorated dramatically and everything led to the fact that he fainted while walking in the park. Doctors realizing that this is the cause of this condition was prescribed a course of chemotherapy. But the treatment was postponed for too long to bring positive results. In the end, after a course of chemotherapy, the singer began to lose his hair and had to remove his dreadlocks. In May 1981, Marley made the decision to be baptized in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. A disease that progressed more and more prevented the singer from even breathing normally and spent the last hours in the clinic. In 1981, May 11, Bob Marley died, his last words were "Life for the money you can not buy." He was buried according to the traditions of the church in which he was baptized, but in compliance with the rules of Rastafarianism. Together with him in the tomb are the most expensive things for him his guitar, ring, Bible and a bundle of marijuana.

• The BBC song “One Love” is a millennium song.
• Bob was born on February 6, and February 6 is the official day of Bob Marley in Canada. It was approved by the mayor of Toronto, Rob Ford, calling Bob Marley one of the greatest ambassadors of the world who saw the world.
• His nickname was "White Boy". Bob's father, Norval Sinclair Marley, was a white British naval captain, while Bob's mom was a young Jamaican girl named Cedella. Bob did not want to be friends in his area because of his mixed parents, but this fact that he actually contained 2x admixtures helped him develop his philosophy, “I am not on the side of the white or the side of a black man. I am on the side of God. ”
• In 2012, the documentary film “Marly” was released.

Awards:

• "Order of Merit"
• united Nations Medal of the Third World
• Grammy

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The exceptional place that Bob Marley occupies in the history of reggae is not only due to the fact that he stood at his source - first of all, it was given to Marley because of his unique talent, which combined unconditional musical talent with religious ecstaticism.

Anyone who listens to Marly’s music should immediately bear in mind that it is impossible to understand it without even a cursory acquaintance with the history of the Rastafarian movement (a brief history of Rastafarianism at the end of the story); you cannot take it as a simple part of pop culture and listen to spiritual hymns — namely, these are most of Marley’s songs — apart from his mystical experience, whose product they were. Simply put, a person who is familiar with Marley’s songs without their context risks, at best, perceive the singer as another political anarchist among the revolting youth of the 60s - whereas he was first and foremost a spiritual leader and visionary, who are still equal to rock'n -roll does not know.

Many tried to explain the charm of Marley's creativity by simply stating his talent. But, I think, the solution lies somewhat differently: Marley had the rare gift of adequate reproduction of not personal, but universal truth, which only religion gives, balancing remarkably between composing "church hymns" and following purely aesthetic canons. His music is absolutely earthly, but not secular: he was the very medium that explains the eternal laws in accessible language. And it is in this constant presence of eternity in his work - his strength and charm.

In addition, he was also awarded an amazing plastic-rhythmic gift: the ability to put words into place. Try to listen to the song "War" from the disc "Rastaman Vibrations" - it is impossible to hear from the ear that he performs the prose text. This absolute rumor allowed him to perform any compositions, both aliens and his own, as they say, in the only possible way; any subsequent attempts at cover versions stumble upon complete exhaustion of interpretations.

The history of pop culture, and perhaps modern history in general, does not know any more cases when a person in life would have fame similar to that of Bob Marley - not by the number of fans, but by the seriousness of the relationship. A legend of a whole nation, a state-scale personality and a living prophet - and not in a figurative sense, like, say, Jim Morrison - but in a direct way: this was Bob Marley. And remains to this day. The honors given to him after death are comparable to the royal ones; the influence he had on minds and souls in life was almost biblical. Moreover, his life was short and not rich in events that traditionally arouse interest - professional scandals and love affairs. Rather, it was like a mystical feat - albeit with its own characteristics, due to geography, history and religious philosophy.

Robert Nesta Marley was born on February 6, 1945 in a small town in the north of Jamaica. His mother was a black eighteen-year-old Cedella Booker, his father was a white fifty-year-old sailor Norval Marley. The boy had no family in the traditional sense - his father rarely appeared, although he helped his mother with money.

In the early sixties, the mother and son moved to the capital of Jamaica - Kingston, and, like many others like them, settled in Trenchtown. Here, the younger Bob has made friends, the same offspring of poor families; together they spent time listening to the radio, which was delivered to Jamaica by the rise of rock-and-roll. Marley left school and got a job in the welding shop, and all the free time he sang songs, training the vocal cords. In this he was helped by the famous singer Joe Higgs in Kingston, who gave him several vocal lessons in the back yard.

In 1962, Bob and his friends, Bunny Livingston and Peter Tosh, auditioned for local entrepreneur Leslie Kong, who recorded several tracks with them in the studio. The following year, Bob gathered a group of friends and called it "The Wailing Wailers" ("Wailing Weeping"). There was no irony in this - crying traditions are strong in any Negro culture.

That was the time of the popularity of ska, the Jamaican variety of the New Orleans rhythm and blues, and the huge acoustic systems placed along the streets of Kingston (adherents of reggae claim that it was this kind of street music that led to the appearance of raves). Marley and his comrades who performed fashionable music were quickly noticed and over the next five years became an island celebrity.

1966 was decisive in the fate of Marly. He married, visited America, where his mother, who had remarried, lived, and, having made up his impression of Babylon as America was considered Rastamans, returned to Kingston, where six months before he had visited his imperial majesty Haile Selassie I, the incarnation of Almighty Jahr - God Rastafarian. The movement of the rastamans at this moment was here on the rise. And Marley became his voice. So reggae appeared.

Up until the early 70s, The Wailers outside Jamaica were virtually unknown. After unsuccessful attempts to conclude a contract with a number of firms, Marley found himself on the threshold of the now famous Island Recrordz. The founder of the studio, Chris Blackwell, initially focused on the distribution of Jamaica music and, settling in London in 1962, popularized in the Old World ska, rock stedi and reggae, and subsequently the progenitors of prog rock Jethro Tull and King Crimson. Well aware of the fame of Marley in his homeland, Blackwell offered him a contract that was unthinkable in the history of groups playing reggae: he was put on equal terms with rock bands.

Marly’s first record on the Island, “Catch a fire,” immediately set new standards in pop music: newspapers wrote about the phenomenon of a completely different style, a new rhythm and melody combined with an unusual, Protestant-religious theme of the song. From this moment on, the Marley group will gain international fame. In 1973, those invited to perform with Sly & The Family Stone, a band? 1 among the performers of black American music, The Wailers were soon thrown out of the tour, because the public accepted them warmer than headliners.

In the next three years, Marley became a real star, and his songs became hymns to fighters for racial equality. The fact that his words had a completely real political weight, says the incident that took place in Kingston on December 5, 1976.

At this time, there was a real war in the ghetto in the city, and Marly, whose authority was indisputable here, decided to give a free concert in order to appeal to the inhabitants for peace. The government also timed the parliamentary elections, which were scheduled two weeks later.

On the eve of the concert, several people broke into Marley’s house and opened fire. Marley and three members of his group were injured, however the concert was not canceled, but only shortened: Marley went on stage and sang a few songs.

In the next four years, Marley lived alternately in England and America: however, as a rule, he was on tours. The group has often been to Africa: in 1980, the government of the liberated Zimbabwe invited The Wailers to a ceremony to celebrate Independence Day - such was the recognition of Marley’s merits to third world countries. Two years earlier, the Prime Minister of Jamaica and the leader of the local opposition attended his concert; In the same year, the UN awarded him the Peace Medal.

In 1980, Marley's health deteriorated sharply - three years ago, playing football, he injured his toe, and he developed a malignant tumor: then he refused to have his finger amputated due to religious beliefs. Now he had to go to a Bavarian clinic, because the disease struck the brain. However, the treatment did not help, and in early May 1981, Marly, realizing that he was dying, demanded that he take him home. But he did not have time to get there and died in the Miami hospital on May 11, 1981.

The day of his funeral, according to eyewitness accounts, was the most mournful day in all of Jamaica’s modern history. The country was declared a national mourning. All the leaders of the ruling party and the opposition were present at the mourning ceremony. Marley's body was transported to the place of his birth and placed in a mausoleum. He was 36 years old. A month before his death, he was awarded the Order of Merit, a government award in recognition of his outstanding role in the cultural life of the country. Marley left behind a huge number of fans and followers and a large number of songs. But the main thing - he left behind a message-call "to free your mind from anger and wake up to life." And, perhaps, only in his case, these words, worn out by frequent use by rockers, do not seem to be commonplace.

Jamaican artist Bob Marley was not only a first-class singer and guitarist who performed his own songs. He made the Jamaican reggae style an international treasure, thanks to his popularity. In addition, with his creative work, Marley contributed to the victory of pan-Africanism in his native country and contributed to the global movement for equal rights for the black population of the planet. The cause of the death of Bob Marley was cancer.

Bob was born in Jamaica, in 1955, from a European connection with a 16-year-old Jamaican girl. He grew up in a poor province and began his acquaintance with the world as an ore-fight: an aggressive and danger-scorning representative of the youth subculture. Having moved with his mother in 1950 to the capital of Jamaica - Kingston, he began to be intensely interested in music and began to take lessons from the famous singer Joe Higgs. In 1963, they together wrote the first single for Marley "Judge Not". Later, Bob, together with his friends, organized a vocal group. Their first song became a hit in Jamaica and sold 80 thousand copies.

After several failures, the group managed to create their own album, which went beyond the limits of the island. In 1973, their musical group went on their first tour to America. After part of his fellow musicians took up a solo career, Bob gathered a new group with a female vocal trio, in which his wife Rita sang, and went with them on a tour of Africa, Europe and the entire American continent. Already in the mid-1970s, the group became the recognized authority of the reggae style and its face.

After this brilliant voyage, Bob was recognized as a cult figure in Jamaica, and his speeches, as well as political and religious views, became an example to follow. In December 1976, he even became a victim of a political attempt. Marley was wounded in the chest and arm, but held a concert-action in support of Prime Minister Michael Manley, advocating reconciliation of the fighting forces. It was a performance for an 80-thousand audience, lasting an hour and a half.

With a similar concert, Bob pleased his fellow citizens in 1978, when he achieved a handshake between the leaders of the two opposing sides right on his stage to prevent civil war. At that time, he was already a staunch rastaman - a follower of a religious movement - a subculture of the descendants of black slaves, including a belief system, type of behavior and music. This choice perhaps explains why Bob Marley died.

According to the notions of growth, a person does not have the right to amputation, and doctors discovered a malignant melanoma on the big toe of Bob - the result of an old football injury. Marley continued to live as before, but when he became ill after a concert in Madison Square Garden, his tour stopped. As a result of treatment in Munich, in 1980, there was no improvement. In May 1981, the singer died in hospital at the age of 26 and was buried according to the rite of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. After his death, his wife, 7 sons, 4 relatives, and 2 foster daughters were orphaned. Most of them subsequently became musicians.