Cherry grafting: choice of stock, technology and timing. How to graft another variety or cherry on a cherry seedling How and when to graft a cherry
Grafting is the transplantation of a small fragment of one plant with vegetative buds to another. Cherry grafting is performed on cherry plum, plum, cherry and, in fact, sweet cherry. The operation is needed to give the delicate heat-loving tree greater durability, to limit growth. When two trees become one, a more winter-hardy cherry stock will allow the cherry tree to bear fruit in the Moscow region.
Basic vaccination rules
The plant that has roots in the ground is called a rootstock. The part that is implanted by any means is called the scion in the mother tree. In order for plants to unite, it is necessary to select related crops, such pairs are called compatible. For grafting sweet cherries, stone fruits are compatible. Pink. Plum, cherry and apricot are more suitable than others.
The graft and rootstock take root best of all during sap flow at an ambient temperature above + 5 degrees. Petioles are harvested in autumn. If the winter was warm, the twigs are cut into scion in the spring. Green twigs take root poorly.
There are different ways to combine the tissues of two trees, gardeners use one or another method of grafting sweet cherries, as well as other fruit trees.
Vaccination is a complex operation. In order not to spoil the stock, it is necessary to master the vaccination, to fill your hand on waste material. The tool must be hand-held and sharply sharpened. By combining two even cuts, they are connected.
What season to choose for vaccination
Cherries are grafted during the growing season. But the best period for grafting all fruit trees is spring. It is important that there are no frosts at this time. Cherry grafting in the spring is done with prepared petioles. They were taken out of the cellar in advance, saturated with moisture and root. In the spring, all methods of merging scion and rootstock are used:
- budding;
- copulation:
- bark grafting;
- grafting in a lateral incision;
- split grafting.
- Megaleb cherry has high winter hardiness;
- Pika - excellent compatibility with scion;
- VSL - goes well with any varieties of cherries;
- Vladimir cherry - high winter hardiness, good survival rate of the scion.
Sometimes an experienced gardener uses ablactation - two young cherries are connected by grafting into the trunk. After growing together, they take an inch from one tree, and a root from another.
Early June is still a good time to graft cherries on cherries in the summer. It is important to saturate the ground under the mother tree with moisture in the summer before the start of vaccination. Water the plant regularly for 3 days. The cuttings at this time are also kept in water with a stimulant. Most often in the summer, cherries are implanted by the method of budding, with an eye.
In summer, you can vaccinate split and for the bark. It is important for better survival to prepare cuttings with a diameter of about 1 cm. Cherry is a good scion. The accustomed stalk feels good. But after a few years, the sweet cherry becomes noticeably thicker at the junction. She has a strong sap flow. To prevent this from happening, so that the branches do not break off under the weight of the crop, it is necessary to furrow the junction. How to graft a cherry on a cherry depends on the condition of the scion and rootstock. 
With a partial graft, a tree can bestow cherries and cherries. Cherry varieties serve as a good stock:
If there is an old cherry in the garden that no longer bears fruit, but has long adapted to frost, this is an excellent stock for new cherry cuttings. They can be placed along the trunk, on the cut, take different varieties, from this the fruitful tree will become picturesque.
Is it possible to graft a cherry on a cherry if the tree bears fruit? You can graft into the stem shoot and skeletal branches. This is usually how a pollinator variety is grafted if the garden area is small. Grafting can correct the taste, size, and yield of the rootstock.
You can experiment with vaccinations in the fall for a short period. It is necessary that the stalk is accepted until frost sets in and the sap flow stops.
What fruit trees can you graft cherries on?
Cherry 
akin to stone fruits, but the growth force of all trees is different, the structure of the wood is also different. Therefore, for better survival, cherries are grafted onto plums. Grafting can be done partially, and then plums and cherries will share nutrition from the roots. But sometimes the stock is taken to create a seedling. In this case, the stock must be at least 1 cm in diameter.
At a height of 20 cm from the ground, a reed incision is made on both parts. The stock with the scion is connected and fixed with a winding. The operation site is sealed with a bag to retain moisture. When the leaves appear, the package can be removed. On the rootstock, all shoots are removed. After 2 years, the seedling should begin to bear fruit.
What else can you graft a cherry on? On cherry plum. It makes the cherry more resistant, and allows you to place the tree where there is excess ground moisture.
Cherry grafting on cherry - video
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There are different methods of grafting sweet cherries on different plants. In fact, you can even do this on a birch, but does it make sense? Before embarking on this procedure, decide for what purpose you are doing this and only then choose the appropriate stock. We will tell you about the most popular of them.
- Cherry grafting on cherry has become more and more popular lately. In their structure and structure, the plants are very similar, which guarantees a good survival rate of the graft. In addition, this makes it possible to collect two varieties of fruits at once on the same tree every year at different times.
- Cherry grafting on cherry usually done in order to improve palatability. If the tree growing on your site does not suit you with its fruits, this can be corrected by grafting, using a cutting of a more successful plant variety. And you will get the desired fruits next year without planting the tree again.
- Cherry grafting on plum more experienced gardeners. In their structure, the trees differ from each other and the cutting takes root a little worse in comparison with the options described above. The combination of scion and rootstock of such varieties is made in order to obtain the so-called "miracle tree" on which several types of fruits will grow at once.
- Also often found grafting cherry on cherry plum. In general, some kind of stone fruit is often grafted onto this plant, because it is the strongest and most fertile rootstock. Just this is very true for sweet cherries, whose branches are extremely fragile.
When to vaccinate cherries?
Many gardeners know that the best time to graft is during the warm season, when the circulation of juices in the trunk is high.
Cherry grafting methods
There are many ways to graft stone fruit. All of them are different and effective in their own way. The most popular of them: copulation, bark and split. You can see them in more detail in another article. We offer you a method that will allow you to change the tree for the better as much as possible with a minimum of difficulties, and this is the grafting of sweet cherries into a split. This method is also used when the rootstock branch is larger than the cutting branch in size. A deep, protected cut is made at the grafting site. And then the stalk is inserted there. Just keep in mind that the cutting plane of the cutting must be pressed very tightly against the cambium layer of the rootstock branch so that the fusion area is maximum. This can also be achieved by tight winding with additional material.
How to prepare cuttings?
For grafting stone fruits, you need to choose thick cuttings, since thin ones usually take root much worse or even die. Cuttings should be taken at the end of autumn, before frost sets in. It is very important throughout the cold season to make sure that the cuttings are well preserved before the time comes for grafting the sweet cherry. It can be a basement or a sand pit - it doesn't matter. The main thing is that in this place it was damp and cool. You can also create all the conditions for cuttings to be stored on the street. To do this, they need to be wrapped with a rag, after putting wet sawdust there. They can be stored in this way anywhere in the area, only on top they should be additionally covered with a thick layer of foliage or sawdust. Then even during the thaw period, under the sawdust, the heat will not be able to wilt for a long time. Below is a photo cherry grafting for you:
Remember also that for better healing, all incisions and wounds must be treated with a special putty - garden pitch. You can cook it yourself or buy it in the store. We also advise you not to leave the place open immediately after the operation. After the implementation of a tight winding of the stock and scion, the place of their connection must be wrapped with paper, cloth or a bag. It will be cool under the coating and the kidneys will still sleep and fusion will be ensured.
We told you how to vaccinate cherries only in general terms. We got acquainted with the basics of this procedure and described the general provisions. In fact, each tree needs an individual approach and consideration. In addition, vaccinating is half the battle, the main thing after that is to keep the vaccine. After, the tree will need care in the form of abundant watering, additional fertilizer and pruning. If you want a plant to bear fruit well, you need to constantly ennoble it. It can not be in any other way. If the features of cherry grafting remain incomprehensible to you and you understand little about gardening, we advise you to contact the specialists of our site. They are professionals of the highest class and perform their work quickly and efficiently. You can order services in the contacts section by selecting your city and contacting us at the specified phone number.
Cherry grafting video
www.derevoved.com
What to vaccinate?
In this matter, it is necessary to take into account, first of all, the need to vaccinate healthy shoots on healthy and young tree. But speaking of breed compatibility, it is best to carry out this procedure between representatives of the same variety. In other words, the best option would be grafting a plum on a plum- then the probability of intergrowth of the cutting with the stock is high due to the maximum similarity of the breeds.
Biologists say that plum was obtained by crossing blackthorn and cherry plum. This fact has been proven by many experiments and genetic studies, which confirmed this. That's why grafting plum on cherry plum is also good. In addition, cherry plum is the strongest and most fertile rootstock for all other stone fruits, except for cherries and sweet cherries. But the turn among the people even has the name "prickly plum", as if to confirm that it belongs to its genus. In addition, it is unpretentious and frost-resistant, so the grafting of plums on the turn is very successful.
Apricots also often serve as a quality rootstock.. It is only necessary to carefully choose a place on a tree for vaccination - some places can be affected by tinder fungi. Otherwise, grafting a plum on an apricot is quite acceptable.
Combining tree varieties that are very different from each other is not recommended, since the likelihood of their fusion is minimal. For this reason grafting plum onto cherry rarely done.
When to vaccinate?
For a procedure of this kind, it is extremely important to take into account the time factor. Indeed, in the issue of plum vaccination, timing plays an important role. Each season has its own characteristics.
And yet, we would advise you, before embarking on any business in the field of gardening, refer to the lunar calendar. In it, in accordance with the phases of the moon, the days are indicated, which are more conducive to the successful conduct of various kinds of operations with plants.
Which way to choose?
There are a variety of methods for grafting plums. Including unusual, non-standard and quite funny. We will tell you about the most common ones, which allow you to change the plant for the better as much as possible with a minimum of difficulties.
Choose the most convenient way for you and use it. Or order a vaccination from our specialists.
What to do after vaccination?
Vaccination is half the battle, the main thing then is to save it. To do this, you need to carry out a number of additional operations:
1. All grafted cuttings immediately after the procedure are additionally wrapped with electrical tape so that it covers all the cuts.
2. All holes, cracks and voids that have formed are coated with a special putty - garden pitch. It can be purchased at a specialty store or even made amoma.
3. If the vaccination is done in the spring, put a paper bag on top so that the kidneys still sleep. In summer, the proposed procedure will save the cutting from the scorching sun. Accretion in this case will be fully ensured.
What else do you need to know?
Remember also that for grafting plum trees, it is advisable to harvest cuttings in advance, a year before use. It is necessary to store them all this time in proper conditions. It can be a basement or a pit in the yard - it doesn't matter so much. The main thing is that the storage place is cool and damp.
Tools used for grafting must be clean and sharp. It is in this case that the procedure will be carried out easily and efficiently.
Also remember that sections oxidize quickly, so grafting must be done at a fairly high speed.
We hope that this article was useful for you and that you found answers to your questions in it. But if you still couldn’t understand the features of plum grafting, since you are new to gardening, contact the specialists of our site. They will help you solve the problem of any complexity in this area, they will prompt and tell you everything.
Plum grafting video
What are the benefits of grafting a cherry on a plum
A beautiful garden and vegetable garden is the dream of every rural dweller and summer resident. Juicy fruits, a pleasant aroma that comes from fruit trees, pleasant freshness during the summer sun. Experienced gardeners have long known about all the benefits of fruit trees. What are the most popular of them?
Of course, cherry, plum and sweet cherry. You can enjoy the pure look of the fruit, but if you want to have a versatile berry, different methods are used. For example, grafting a cherry on a plum.
What are the benefits of grafting on a plum
Quite often, the owner of the garden plot notices that the tree has begun to produce a small crop or its berries have become not so pleasant in taste, reduced in size, and become unattractive. In this state of affairs, plum vaccination is recommended. This procedure can be performed not only because of the loss of yield, but also to improve the quality of the fetus.
There is an opinion that such a tree as a cherry can get along with any other species. The opinion is wrong. It can be grafted with certain trees:
Of the three, the latter is the more attractive. And the point is not that you want to get a large fruit, but that it is interesting to taste the taste of such a fruit.
How to do it
In total, there are four popular types of plum grafting. Each gardener chooses more convenient for himself. It is impossible to say that grafting with cuttings will definitely suit everyone. For many, budding is convenient. Each of the four ways will be explored. But first of all, decide on the landing time.
It is believed that sweet cherries can be grafted from spring to mid-September. The main point here is to allow two plants to take root before the cold weather. According to experienced gardeners, it is better to do this in the spring. Then the percentage of successful vaccination will be 90%:
Now we select the method by which the two species will be crossed. This must be taken responsibly, since plums and cherries have difficulties with such a process.
After this event, follow the vaccination process. If this time it did not work out, it is better to remove the used cutting from the split and treat the tree.
Plum Grafting Methods
As already mentioned, there are four types of procedure. Which method is suitable - everyone will have to decide individually. Although experts recommend using in a split.
- Most often, the grafting site and the stalk have different thicknesses. A better vaccination in this case will be split. This procedure is carried out at the bottom of the trunk. Before starting, you need to carefully cut and clean the stock. We make a wedge with a sharp garden knife.
- The easiest way is to graft on the plum for the bark. But the success of the enterprise cannot be guaranteed.
The handle used must have a wedge-shaped tip. You need to use two cuttings. They will be located at the edges of the split. Insert and fix. For fixing, use a rope or tape. We process with garden pitch.
We make an incision and with a knife we separate the bark from the trunk. The grafted cutting is thin and sharpened down. Carefully insert and fix. Everything must be done carefully to avoid damage to the stock and bark.
- Provided that the rootstock and scion have the same thickness, the copulation method can be used. Both parts are cleaned and processed before joining. Then they are connected and fixed. In order for the connection to go better, it is desirable to memorize both parts, to get a kind of memorization in which the puzzles are connected.
- The most difficult, but effective, is the budding method.
Preparatory part: we water the stock and remove all the processes that are present in the lower part of the trunk. We are preparing a kidney that will serve for grafting. It is cut off only on the day when the plum vaccination will be done. We make an incision on the rootstock vertically, insert a stalk with a kidney into it (sharpened shield). We make fixation with tapes. Make sure that the leaf and bud are clearly visible and not damaged.
The effect will be visible in a few days. After 28-30 days, we remove the fixation. During this period of time, they should grow together. We process the crossing site with garden pitch (required). Only after a year is it recommended to cut off the stem processes. After such a procedure, the grafted process will become the main shoot or main shoot.
Advice. Each procedure in which a knife is used and cuts are made on a tree requires mandatory treatment with garden pitch. It can be purchased at any specialized store or made independently.
Farming
Cherry berries differ from cherries in a large amount of pulp and high sugar content. The disadvantage of this horticultural crop is considered to be limited frost resistance, so most varieties of sweet cherries cannot be grown in areas of risky farming without a suitable rootstock. You can increase the resistance of a tree to negative temperatures by grafting a cherry on a plum, although this plant is much more often grafted onto a cherry.
Cuttings of the required cherry variety are prepared at the end of autumn. For this purpose, it is necessary to cut annual shoots from trees, the size of which can reach 40 centimeters. The cuttings are stored in the cellar or in the basement, they are placed in a jar or other container filled with wet sawdust. In the presence of a warm winter, shoots for vaccination can be harvested in the spring, they are cut from the desired variety of cherries, placed several pieces in a damp cloth, then wrapped in foil and placed in the bottom shelf of the refrigerator.
It should be noted that for grafting cherry on plum, the thickness of the rootstock must reach at least one centimeter. The procedure is carried out in the early morning, preferably in foggy weather, because high humidity will contribute to the fusion of the bark of two trees. Of the tools for grafting, a sharply sharpened garden knife, a strip of film or electrical tape, a plastic bag, and also plasticine are used.
At a distance of 20 centimeters from ground level, an incision is made in the form of a tongue on the drain, its depth should reach 1 centimeter. An incision of a similar shape is also made on the stock, then both tongues are connected in such a way that they are tightly fastened together. The exposed parts of the tree are treated with garden pitch, the grafting site is fastened with electrical tape, but the sticky part should turn outward. At the final stage of work, a plastic bag is put on the junction of the scion and rootstock, which will help retain moisture. After the appearance of the first young cherry leaves, the package can be removed. In order to accelerate the development of the cutting, all side shoots on the rootstock are removed. That's all, the grafting of cherries on plum rootstocks can be considered complete. In a couple of years, a new tree will delight you with beautiful cherries.
We get a quality crop with cherry grafting
Every experienced gardener knows that thanks to grafting, any desired variety can be propagated quite quickly. What is important, with this method of propagation, varieties will not lose their characteristic properties, which means that you can save your favorite tree and improve its characteristics. The article contains information on how to plant cherries in your summer cottage. When is it better to start the procedure and what technologies you need to have in order for the cherry grafting to be successful.
Compatibility
Trees, like all living things around us, grow, develop and age. And if you are thinking about how to extend the life of your favorite cherry, you can try grafting it onto a younger tree.
Cherry grafting begins with the fact that it is necessary to prepare (grow) a stock. And only then plant the required variety. The plant on which you will be grafting must meet certain criteria. It should be healthy, strong and, of course, a young tree. The thickness of its trunk is 3–10 cm. Strong branches of an adult viable tree with a diameter of at least 10 cm are also suitable.
Let's take a closer look at the issue of compatibility. There is a practice in horticulture that the most successful and rational fusion will always occur only in individuals of the same species. If the grafting is carried out between varieties of the same name, then in this case the stalk will quickly take root.
If you do not have stone fruits of this type in your summer cottage, or if you have a desire to experiment, then you can try the following options:
Plum grafting
For almost all representatives of stone fruits, plum is the most successful and strong rootstock. If you decide to choose it in this capacity, then it is desirable that the seedlings be semi-wild. Typically, these seedlings successfully adapt to the environment in a particular area and, importantly, are resistant to many diseases.
If you graft a felt cherry on a plum, we will get a low (up to 3 meters) tree with a fairly wide crown, blooming in spring with many pink-white flowers. And if you do not know about the vaccination, you might think that in front of you is sakura.
Video "Grafting a cherry on a plum"
This video will show you how to properly graft a cherry on a plum.
This type of fruit is also successfully used for grafting cherries, because these two berries are very similar to each other. Therefore, the fusion of the cutting with the stock will pass quite quickly.
Gardeners often use cherry plum for grafting. And this choice is very reasonable, since this is a fruit tree with a strong root system and has high frost resistance. And the seedlings are easy enough to get.
Grafting on the turn (a relative of the plum) is also widespread. As a rule, such grafting is in most cases successful and therefore enjoys considerable popularity among amateur gardeners.
The species is quite often used for rootstock. It is quite common, and the grafting process gives good results.
In most cases, cherries are perfectly grafted onto all of the above fruit trees, but there are exceptions. Remember that the rootstock plays the main role in the grafting process.
When to vaccinate?
Cherry grafting occurs in spring and summer.
Grafting in the spring is considered the ideal choice. It is at this time that the process of sap flow occurs most actively and the stalk grafted by us will easily and quickly take root.
If you did not carry out the spring grafting or it was not successful, you still have a second chance and you can bud in the summer. Usually it is held from the second half of July to mid-August. At this time, the second sap flow takes place, and this will allow the grafting to be carried out efficiently and successfully.
Do not vaccinate during the winter. At low temperatures, the tree slows down its metabolic processes and is at rest. The likelihood that your cutting will be able to take root is almost zero. However, there are exceptions when successful vaccination is also carried out during this period. Usually the stock is placed in a room where it is not subjected to all the climatic changes that are characteristic of the winter period.
Vaccination methods
There are several ways of spring grafting, these are split grafting, bark grafting and improved copulation. Consider the situations in which each of them is used.
If the thickness of the rootstock is much greater than the thickness of the cutting you are grafting, then you can graft into a split. To do this, the rootstock trunk should be cut with a sharp knife and split 3 cm deep. The stalk is cut so as to obtain oblique cuts in the form of a "sharp tongue". This "tongue" must be placed so that their cambial layer and cortex closely match. For safety net, 2 clothespins are used and placed (in case one does not take root). The grafting site is fixed with a soft film.
Graft for the bark
For its implementation, it is recommended to use 3-4 cuttings. The cut trunk of the stock is cleaned, carefully with a special knife, longitudinal cuts 3 cm long are made on the bark. Carefully move away from the wood and insert the cuttings with side cuts. The place of vaccination for reliability is wrapped with a film. With the help of a garden pitch, it is necessary to coat the grafted plants, while making sure that the buds and upper edges are completely covered with pitch.
Copulation
If the thickness of the branches used for scion and rootstock is the same, it is recommended to graft using the improved copulation method. To do this, it is necessary to make oblique cuts 2–3 cm long on the trunk and handle. We also cut the upper edges of the cuts 1.5 cm deep. The resulting tongues of the scion and rootstock are positioned so that they fit into each other. Such a grafting requires good support, otherwise the plant will not withstand a sharp or strong gust of wind and break.
Kidney vaccination - budding
In summer and autumn, cherries are grafted with a kidney (budding). Start this procedure in mid-July. A few days before grafting, a stock is prepared. It is carefully watered and the side shoots located at the bottom of the trunk are removed. If the cuttings were prepared in advance, then they should be stored in a refrigerator or basement, wrapped in a damp cloth or sprinkled with wet sand. Better, the sleeping kidney will be cut from the tree on the day of the procedure. Remove all leaves on the handle, but the petioles should be left - they will be indicators by which we will determine whether the bud has taken root or whether the procedure needs to be repeated.
With the help of an budding knife, a part of the bark with a bud and a leaf petiole is cut from the handle. On the trunk, 8-10 cm from the ground, the bark is cut, grabbing the wood, and the shield is also slightly sharpened and inserted into the cut on the trunk, combining the layers of wood and bark. Wrap tightly with grafting tape, leaving the petiole. If it disappears after a few days, the vaccination was successful. After 3-4 weeks, we remove the bandage, coat it with garden pitch, and in early spring we cut off part of the trunk above the grafted bud - now our bud is the main shoot.
Video "Cherry Budding"
This video will show you how to graft cherries using the budding method.
If you know how to plant a cherry and the features of this process, then it will not seem difficult and difficult for you. But be prepared for the fact that the first time the procedure may fail. However, constant practice, proper care, your desire and perseverance will help you rejuvenate your garden.
For most beginners in gardening, a natural question arises about how to properly plant cherries. It should be noted that in cultures of stone origin, the active movement of juices occurs much earlier than in other species. However, this does not mean that the duration will also be longer. In this case, quite the contrary - the period of sap flow is reduced to a minimum. That's why, if there are several types of plants in the garden, you must definitely start with stone fruits.
Preparatory measures before vaccination
The best survival rate is provided by spring grafting of sweet cherries.
It is also worth noting that in sweet cherries, rootstock sections oxidize rapidly, so the time interval between preparatory measures and immediately before the procedure itself should be reduced to a minimum.
Moreover, if the vaccination is carried out in the spring, this will allow us to hope for a more significant result. This is provided that the measure is performed during the bud swelling.
Choice of cuttings for grafting
If the diameter of the rootstock allows, several cuttings can be grafted at once.
The foundation for successful implementation and obtaining results is the size of the cuttings and their condition .
- It is worth noting that the stalk needs a healthy one, not less than forty centimeters in length.
- An important circumstance is length of annual increments if they are quite long, it means that the possibility of introducing buds into the scion is eliminated, and this reduces the risk of flowering, thereby saving the gardener time to deal with this phenomenon.
However, if this cannot be prevented, then the fight against flowering consists in the early removal of buds. After some time, lateral bud shoots sprout, from which only one, the strongest, is subsequently selected, the rest are cut off.
Basic Methods
An oblique cut is the simplest grafting method used during various periods of the cherry vegetation.
Depending on the timing, there are several methods of the procedure, which include:
- Zakorny method implies the implementation of the procedure at the very beginning of the vegetative period. It is during this period that the bark is still well separated from the trunk.
- Split variation - placing the stock in a split before the start of the juice movement. This is around the end of March or the beginning of April, if not too warm spring. The duration of the operation can be stretched until the first blossoming buds.
- Side graft represents the introduction of sweet cherry inside the incision from the side. This method can be applied in spring, summer and winter.
- Bridge method used in early spring - mid-March. If the cutting is placed inside the crown of the tree, this is called the crown method. Thus, it is possible to plant cherries not only in spring and summer, but also in late autumn. To prevent the appearance of early kidneys, you can put on special caps. But it will also protect the plant from frost.
Rules for the preparation of cuttings for sweet cherries
Annual segments should be prepared in the fall, after the sap movement has stopped, massive leaf fall has occurred, the trees have prepared for wintering.
Cutting cut: 1 - correct; 2 - excessively high; 3 - too deep; 4 - the optimal ratio of the cut surface and the thickness of the handle.
Some gardeners recommend harvesting material from the very beginning of winter and continue to do so almost until the end of January. It is worth noting that thaws are possible at the end of winter, so it is not recommended to hold an event during this period, since the cuts do not take root well if there is a sharp temperature drop.
For use, it is necessary to choose the most mature shoots, the size of which is not less six millimeters . The segment should have an upper bud and a pair of leaf embryos on the sides. Most gardeners store cuts inside a damp sandy substrate, in sawdust, covered with peat. All this must be stored in the refrigerator, periodically moisten the sand, sawdust or peat.
Storage
If the material is stored in polyethylene, a wet cloth can be placed inside.
It is noteworthy that a one-time transfer of a segment to a mother plant without long-term storage is not reliable, so gardeners prefer long-term storage.
Overview of vaccination methods
There are vaccination options that depend on the timing and those that do not depend on the timing - universal methods. The main methods are registered.
Simple copulation
Simple copulation consists in the formation of oblique sections of the same size on the mother plant and on a segment, the length of which does not exceed four centimeters.
Improved copulation
Improved copulation is a similar method with simple copulation, but on the handle, a third of the distance from the bottom end, a cut is made with a knife with a different movement - towards itself.
Continue cutting until the hole is two thirds of the total length. In the same way, a crevice is made on the rootstock. When starting vaccination, you need to push both tongues behind each other, adjusting in size.
The grafted segment and the branch used should look like one piece if such a measure is not observed, the procedure has not been completed. It should be adjusted until the grooves fit. The grafted place is covered with a film, the top is dipped in garden pitch.
Zakorkovy way
Grafting for the bark is easier to carry out with active sap flow, when the bark easily peels off from the wood.
The bark method implies the fulfillment of the requirements for proper vaccination:
Since this method must be done quickly, it is better for two people to do this. The beginning of the event - before the onset of the active phase of the growing season.
In split
It is allowed to graft cherries into a split during spring dormancy, that is, before the onset of the active growing season.
Split grafting scheme.
The beginning is at the end of March or the beginning of April. For this method, a partner will also not interfere, since everything needs to be done in the shortest possible time. The cutting height will depend on the age-related changes in the tree.
- On a young culture the distance is kept within forty centimeters from the trunk.
- On the older sweet cherry is kept within a meter, but the fact that the cut stem should not be more than five centimeters in diameter is taken into account.
It is allowed to eliminate more than two knots on one skeletal stem, but you must strictly adhere to the recommended distance.
Semi-split
The half-split is done with a grafting ax, the blade of which is deepened by about three centimeters, while a crevice is made that does not reach the outer edge.
Grafting in semi-split is considered more gentle for the plant.
It is noteworthy that on a thin branch two splits are allowed. On thicker branch - three cuts.
The cutting is inserted in the same way as in the full version. The use of a var is not required, it is simply wrapped with a film in three layers, pressed down with a strong twine.
- With corner version apply the same scheme as with all the others, only with an angular cut.
- With the side method the hole is formed on the side, the procedure is carried out both in spring and summer.
bridge graft
To prevent damage to the trunks by hares, bridge grafting is used. Begin the procedure at the very beginning of the growing season. The scheme is simple - cuttings are introduced into the bark along the entire diameter of the trunk.
The method of propagation of plants by connecting branches of different crops is called grafting. Used to propagate fruit trees. In summer, cherries are grafted onto cherries.
The combination of several plants with branches is important because a weak high-yielding crop is combined with a low-yielding but resistant crop. As a result, a better variety is possible.
To remember how to plant a cherry, you need to understand the key concepts from this area. This will allow for more accurate events. The rootstock, that is, the base, is the culture from which parts of the stem and roots are taken.
The graft, that is, the upper part, is a plant, from which it is recommended to take only leaves and berries. Connect the parts of the scion and rootstock.
In order to achieve a positive effect, the rootstock is recommended to choose certain types.
- Formative. The advantage is that they can form better fruits. But the disadvantage is that such rootstocks are less resistant to temperature changes and can be subject to bacterial diseases.
- Vegetative. The view is advisable to use in a warm climate. It is characterized by lower yields, but is more resistant to negative environmental factors.
Preparation for cutting culture
The success of a graft is based on determining how closely the parts of the scion and rootstock are related. Therefore, it is recommended to prepare materials for the procedure in advance and make sure that they are compatible. Stages:
- it is recommended to carry out cuttings only in the fall, but it is important to remember that this procedure should be carried out before the onset of frost;
- cuttings taken from an apple tree or apricot must be stored in sawdust of a tree and only in a refrigerator: the terms of such storage can reach 6 months;
- cuttings from all other cultures must be frozen: this way they will be more prepared for the upcoming procedure.
Vaccination Options
Today, there are a large number of different methods of grafting plants. If you explore all the possible options, it will be easier to decide on the method that suits you.
Vaccination is carried out in the morning or in the evening. It is important that the sun's rays do not burn the stock and scion too much. Otherwise, a positive result will not be achieved.
The principle of copulation with an eye
It is recommended to determine the green cuttings and their quality. The diameter of the selected cutting should be no more than 10 mm. When copulating with an eye, keep in mind that it should be in a calm state, and not develop.
Ideal cuttings are those whose average length is 15 cm. They should not have more than 5 buds. Otherwise, it will be quite difficult to instill a culture with a kidney.
Take care of the proper preparation of inoculation materials. Cut off the tip in the root. On the basis, it is recommended to make a cut and several special fasteners for the scion. Make the same cut on the scion, but without fasteners. The connection of 2 elements is carried out with a grafting tape. After a month, remove the tape so that it does not interfere with the growth of the tree.
Simple (A) and improved (B) copulation
The principle of budding
Budding with an eye or bud is one of the common methods for grafting sweet cherry on cherry in the summer, especially in June. The procedure can be carried out even by an inexperienced person in the field of gardening. Follow the instructions step by step.
- With the angle method, you need to cut off a small part of the rootstock, but do not remove the bark.
- Now a part of the rootstock is cut out, which is connected to the cut off area, and the bark is removed.
- On the trunk of the scion, you need to make a hole that would repeat the shape of the cut section in the rootstock.
- The cut stock is placed in the hole of the scion and fixed with tape.
The sequence of budding
The principle of grafting branches into a split
Cherries can also be grafted onto cherries using the split eye or bud method. The procedure is best done in spring or summer. The advantage of the method is that it is possible to connect not only plants of the same species, but also combine varieties of berry trees.
On the branch below, its length should be no more than 15 cm, a small cut is made. In the central part of the stock, a split of about 12-15 cm should be made. On the scions, all end sections should be removed and small cuts should be made on them. Scion sections are placed in them and sealed with wax.
If growth is formed in this area or under it, then you need to get rid of it. The scion, which could not take root in the new conditions, is also removed.
Cherry grafting on cherry or sweet cherry
Carry out the combination of cherries on cherries. The ideal vaccination is summer or spring. Only in these seasons, rootstocks and scions are characterized by health and strength. As a stock, you can use both the same varieties of culture, and a felt look.
Planting cherries with cherries always works out right because you're using the same plant species. If you vaccinate in the spring according to all the rules and at the recommended time, then the cuttings will take root in a week. In this case, you can use cuttings of different varieties, because they are well combined with each other.
Procedure for bird cherry or currant
For the first time, grafting of cherries and currants began in Bulgaria. The basis of this method lies in the proper storage of preparatory cuttings. It is recommended to keep them in the freezer or snowdrifts. In early March, they are vaccinated either by the splitting method or by the butt.
Bird cherry is classified as a frost-resistant and strong crop, so it is convenient to combine cherries or cherries with it, especially in spring. If you carry out the procedure using the copulation method, you can get a high-quality look of a new variety that will tolerate sudden temperature changes well.
Merging cherries with cherry plums or plums
Recently, cherries have been combined with cherry plums. The description indicates a powerful root system of cherry plum, so the new plant will be characterized by resistance to low temperatures. You can also carry out the reverse procedure, which consists in grafting cherry plum onto cherries.
Plum grafting on cherries is allowed, since plums are classified as crops with powerful rootstocks. The grafting process is more efficient. It is recommended to use wild varieties of plums or sloes, such crops are not exposed to negative environmental factors and are resistant to most diseases.
If you plant a felt cherry on a plum, you can achieve an incredible result. A low tree will grow with a dense crown and flowers similar to sakura.
Conclusion
Grafting is an important stage in the formation of a plant by young cuttings. The result of such work is that you can get a high-quality tree that will combine all the advantages of both types.
As a result, you will get not only a high-yielding plant. The tree will not be exposed to diseases and negative factors (low temperatures, frost or heat), and will also give high quality yields.
Grafting with a cutting into a branch cut is commonly called copulation. And it is not done for the gardener's fun. Thus, it is possible to increase the endurance of sweet cherries, to adapt them to certain climatic conditions. After all, this southern plant, although not whimsical to the soil, is quite sensitive to severe frosts. What can not be said about his closest relative cherry. So you have to combine the pleasant with the stable.
In addition to cherries, which are very similar in structure, cherries can be grafted onto cherry plums and even plums. You can pin several varieties on one sweet cherry.
Choosing the right rootstock
The cuttings that are grafted are called scion. And the culture to which they are grafted is a stock. First you need to choose the right rootstock. It depends on how successfully the scion will take root and grow, what qualities it will acquire.
With the help of a well-chosen stock, you can reduce the tallness of the cherry.
With a more compact tree, the crop is easier to harvest, and it is easier to protect it from birds. Therefore, choosing a stock, you need to pay attention not only to the compatibility of crops, but also to the characteristic features.
Megaleb cherry is quite popular as a rootstock for sweet cherries. This culture is very winter-hardy, has an excellent similarity of seeds. But it does not solve the problem of tall cherries.
To create compact crowns, the Colt, Studenikovskaya cherry variety is well suited. Cherries on such a rootstock grow undersized and with a well-developed crown, quite resistant to frost. Piku cherry is good as a rootstock. This stock is perfectly compatible with various varieties of sweet cherries, medium height, the berries on it do not shrink.
Often used as rootstock varieties of cherries Gisela 5, VSL-2, Antipka. The latter is characterized by good yields, but the variety is tall.
Semi-wild varieties of cherries are not suitable as a stock.
Cherry berries will become small and not so tasty. But plums are better to use as a stock than semi-wild varieties. Then the sweet cherry will acquire cold resistance and will delight you with good harvests for a long time.
How to cook a graft
Preparing cuttings for copulation is a responsible matter. It largely depends on how the grafted culture will bear fruit. Cuttings must be cut from varietal trees tested for fruiting.
For harvesting cuttings, well-developed strong annual shoots are chosen.
It is advisable to take those sprouts that are on the southern, well-lit side of the crown.
The best cuttings are obtained from the shoots of the middle tier of the tree. Their length should be 15-20 cm, the thickness is approximately like a pencil. It is necessary that the handle has at least 3-4 well-developed growth buds.
– It is recommended to take cuttings from cleared and pruned trees. They give strong, well-developed shoots, explains Vasily Ivanovich Lavrenyuk, agronomist of the private enterprise "Valentina" in the Vinnitsa region.- But if you are forced to cut cuttings from young trees, then preferably from branches that you plan to remove in the spring. Thus, you will not harm the tree. The cuttings should not be too thin, with poorly developed buds. If you have only such annual shoots, it is better to use last year's branches. Inspect the cuttings carefully. They should not have spots and cracks, any other damage. Another important nuance is that cuttings for summer copulation need fresh, recently cut from a tree. They need to be used within 1-2 days. You can keep the lower part immersed in water at this time.
Types of summer vaccination
Copulation in August has its own characteristics. In summer, grafting can be carried out in a side cut, as well as a cutting in the crown of a tree.
When using the first technique on the rootstock and cuttings, an oblique cut is made with a pruner.
The correct cut on the cutting is equal to the diameter of the cutting, multiplied by 3. The top of the cutting is cut approximately 1 cm above the upper bud. Before you make a cut on the handle, pay attention to where the kidneys are looking. Of these, over time, young branches will appear. Right now, by making a cut from a certain side, you will direct them in the right direction.
The graft is tightly applied to the rootstock so as to combine the cambial layers on at least one side. Cambium is a thin light ring under the bark. This tissue is responsible for the birth of new wood and bark cells.
The clothespin is wrapped with grafting tape or cling film, and around is smeared with garden pitch. It is important that the structure is immovable. It is similar to the union of a broken bone. Tightly attached and well-fixed bones fuse better.
If shoots are actively growing around the rootstock, they must be thinned out.
But you don't need to completely remove it. They will protect the cuttings from the wind.
The technique of grafting with a cutting into the crown of a tree also has its own characteristics. First of all, you need to choose well-developed branches in the crown, growing at an angle of 40-60 degrees from the trunk. We cut them at a distance of 40-50 cm from the central axis. The oblique cut is carefully smoothed with a knife. We will attach a graft to it, so that the cambial layers coincide. Wrap tightly with cling film, grafting tape, you can just tape. We carefully coat all wounds with garden pitch.
Our advice:
After grafting, the cuttings can be covered with paper bags for a couple of weeks. So we don't let them dry out.
homemade garden brew
You can purchase garden pitch at a specialized store. And you can cook it at home with a guarantee of quality. To do this, take 1 part of melted lard, pour 16 parts of ground rosin into it. Stirring, melt over low heat until smooth. Then remove from heat and add 8 parts of alcohol, mix. Store the garden pitch prepared for this recipe in a hermetically sealed container.
Oksana SHAPOVAL
As experience has shown, especially for owners of small plots, it is very good to plant several varieties of cherries on one cherry tree. If there are, for example, five varieties of sweet cherries, and all of them will have different ripening periods, then the first cherry will please with a harvest when nothing has yet ripened, and the last one will ripen along with the cherry. And one more thing: you don’t have to worry about pollinating sweet cherries with mi-pollinators, because among several grafted varieties
surely there will be the right one.
To increase the frost resistance of the scion, it is necessary to vaccinate the frost-resistant rootstocks, preferably at the age of at least 3 years and not more than 5-7 years.
Vaccinations should be done very early in the spring, at a temperature not higher than -3 °, somewhere from mid-March and not later than the very beginning of April, when there are still night frosts. Grafting cuttings do not have to be prepared in advance; they can be grafted with freshly cut cuttings.
It is possible to distinguish the degree of frost resistance of both rootstock and scion visually. If on the cut of the branch the core is light or green, but not brown or even light brown, then the shrub or tree as a whole is frost-resistant. If the core is light brown and even more so dark brown, then the branch belongs to a medium or slightly frost-resistant variety. And if both the core and the cambium (bast) are dark in color, then these are already frozen branches, and they may not move away when the buds open.
It is advisable to select a stock and scion of approximately the same thickness. It is desirable to take a cutting with two or three buds, no more. The upper end of the cutting should be cut above the kidney itself, without touching it, and at its lower end, make an oblique cut 1.5-3 cm long, depending on the thickness of the cutting. The grafting knife must be special, grafting, sharpened as sharp as a razor. An oblique cut should be even, without ledges. On an oblique cut, a transverse incision is made along the vertical - perpendicular to the plane of the oblique cut. The transverse section starts approximately from the beginning of the core visible on the oblique cut and goes down to the end of the oblique cut. A similar oblique cut with a transverse cut must also be made on the rootstock.
Video Cherry grafting on cherry
Transverse cuts on oblique sections form the so-called tongues to hold the scion with the rootstock in the process of joining and to clearly fix them at the junction. Therefore, no additional expansions at the site of the transverse incision should be made.
Then it is necessary to insert the scion stalk into the rootstock, using transverse cuts with formed tongues.
When docking, it is imperative to observe the condition: the bark of the scion and the rootstock of the bark must coincide on at least one side on oblique sections. Then the vaccine is wrapped with insulating tape along the joint from the bottom up, always with the adhesive side to the bark.
Must be wrapped with tape
On top of the electrical tape, it is advisable to wrap the vaccine with a harsh thread from the bottom up and back and tie the ends. Such a winding allows you to press the scion with a stock more tightly, and it will also keep the electrical tape from weakening for the first time. Then it is desirable to cover the upper cut on the graft with garden pitch, after these operations the grafting is considered completed.
When the first leaves appear on the scion, it is necessary to unwind and remove the binding thread, otherwise there will be a constriction at the junction, and the already accustomed stalk may break off.
Tape is removed only in autumn,Whenleaves will begin to fall, either in winter or early spring before sap flow begins.
If the tape is not removed, you can remove it the next year and even later, as it is able to stretch and does not prevent the shoot from growing in thickness.
Imagine that cherry is not adapted to life in the conditions of our Russian winter, and it does not have covering varieties. Still, it's a tree, you can't cover it so easily. But there is a cherry, many varieties of which are perfectly adapted to our frosts, and its relationship with cherries makes it possible to form a wonderful union that can solve all problems. That's just to create this union, you need to try.
This is what a successfully grafted cherry cutting looks like on a cherry
It is possible to graft cherries on cherries only at the end of March, within a two-week period. After its expiration, the processes of sap flow in the fibers of plants begin, the buds begin to pour. Having missed a favorable moment, there is no need to hope for a positive outcome. Everything is decided in these two weeks.
The best varieties of cherries for grafting are Mayak, Ural Ruby or Late Pink - they significantly increase the frost resistance of cherries. Tree cherry grows too much and becomes difficult to cover, so it is not suitable for rootstock.
Vaccination procedure (video)
So, in the interval of these two weeks, we choose a cherry seedling aged from one to two years or even a young cherry shoot and graft it with a cherry cutting. Vaccination is carried out at a height of 15-20cm from ground level. Since sweet cherries take root with great difficulty, it would be nice to use the reinforced copulation method by creating an incision 30-40 mm long. In order for the cuttings to take root better, you also need to graft short cuttings with only two buds. After grafting, the side branches of the cherry should be cut off.
The place of vaccination is tied with polyethylene. Usually in mid-July, the cutting is already taking root well, and the polyethylene winding can be loosened.
From both kidneys, growths are already developing by this time. One of them needs to be removed. Most often this is the upper growth, since it develops worse than the lower one. With the help of a secateurs, the upper part of the cutting is cut out onto the ring above the lower growth. It is not necessary to form a bush so that it bends down to the ground. He himself will bend under the weight of the leaves.
Options for grafting cherries on cherries
And here the amazing properties of grafted cherries begin to appear. It blooms before all cherries, but at the same time it is not afraid of return frosts typical of the early period. Frost can even burn the delicate flower petals, but this will not affect the ripening of the berries. It is important that the frosts are not too severe, and flowering cherries will survive a 4-5-degree frost, while some varieties of cherries lose a significant part of future ovaries.
Cherry varieties
If grafting requires certain varieties of cherries that can improve the frost resistance of cherries, then the cherries themselves do not have strict restrictions on varieties. But there is one feature here - the cherry is too weakly pollinated by the cherry. Therefore, in order to extend the time of consumption of cherries, it is better to plant at least two or three varieties of cherries. Cherry varieties are selected so that they have a different fruiting period - this is how you get a long harvest period for both cherries and sweet cherries.
In our climatic zone, such varieties as Bagration, Homestead, Daibera black, Dagestanka, Bigarro and Krasa Kuban have shown themselves well. A good option is to plant some large-fruited Melitopol variety.
Despite the fact that in our conditions, cherry berries grow a little smaller than in southern latitudes, the fruits of Melitopol varieties are so large that you cannot find a similar size on the market.
Grateful cherries not only give large fruits themselves, but can also increase the yield of cherries growing in the neighborhood. This is especially true for early-flowering varieties, for which it is a good pollinator.
Photo gallery of cherry varieties
How to protect a grafted tree from the winter cold?
In early November, before the onset of cold weather, the tree bends down to the ground and is fixed with hooks or ties to a peg. In the first year after vaccination, special care must be taken. The tree is still too fragile, so you need to bend it by holding the trunk and without removing the strapping. The binding, by the way, can be removed only next spring. In subsequent years, you will not need to be careful, and the bush can be bent down using oppression and boards.
If the place where the grafted cherry is planted is snowy, then by the beginning of December the tree will most likely be under the snow. If the winter is not snowy, it is better to carry out hilling with snow. With such an event, sweet cherries will overwinter our harsh winters without any problems.
Of course, it is better to initially choose a snowy place, even at the expense of lighting. Sweet cherries can also bear fruit in shady places.
It is important to bend the cherry bush to the ground, it is not necessary to cover it, the snow will do it itself
Thanks to grafting, residents of Russian latitudes can successfully grow dwarf cherries and not treat them as distant exotics. In addition to beautiful berries, it increases the yield of cherries growing nearby, and caring for it is not difficult at all. Under such conditions and if desired, sweet cherries can become a full-fledged northerner.
Thanks to cherry grafting, cherries can now also be considered an affordable delicacy.
Cherry grafting
For grafting stone fruits, thick cuttings are needed. Thin ones usually take root much worse or do not take root at all. It is customary to harvest cuttings of all fruit species at the beginning of winter, before the onset of severe frosts. But if the cuttings of apple and pear trees are well preserved in an ordinary basement in wet sand or sawdust, then stone fruit cuttings in such conditions may disappear, it is better to keep them outside.
To do this, on the north side of the building on a frosty day, wet sawdust is poured onto a piece of film, cuttings are laid (you can wrap them with a rag), then covered with wet frozen sawdust with a layer of 20-30 centimeters, a layer of dry sawdust is poured on top. Even in a thaw, heat does not penetrate under the sawdust for a very long time.
Cherry grafting - Video.
The bark can be parted with thumbnails, and the shield can be cut off with a safety razor blade. In stone fruits, it is better to cut the shield without wood, at least 2 cm long (1-1.5 cm below and above the kidney). Insert the shield quickly. It is better to inoculate in the early morning hours, when the relative humidity of the air is not lower than 60%.
If the vaccination takes place during the day or in the evening, when it is dry and the wind blows, in stone fruits, especially in cherries and apricots, they quickly oxidize, open tissues turn brown, which does not contribute to survival. Butt budding can only be carried out on the youngest trees. If the bark is quite thick, it is better to bud in the usual, old way, inserting a shield behind the bark.
For each branch, for a guarantee, 2-3 shields are inserted 5-7 cm apart. Wrapped in regular foil. Budding in the crown is best done in June, July, but not later than the beginning of August - if the trees are well watered. It is important that even after budding the bark lags behind for at least 2-3 more weeks. Then the shield is well overgrown with calius and will withstand the winter.
When grafting cherries into the crown of another cherries, trees most often die. After grafting sweet cherries into the crown of low-growing cherries, the frost resistance of wood and cherry flower buds is significantly reduced, the fruits become smaller. Cherries are especially badly combined with cherries close to wild steppe cherries, as well as with magalebka and cerapadus (hybrids of cherries with Maak cherries).
It is better to remove the strapping after a month, leaving a piece of film above the upper eye, which will allow you to quickly find the upper budding in March and cut off the branch 0.5 cm above the grafted bud, covering the wound with petrolatum (garden putty or unsalted fat). At the same time, all ungrafted branches and twigs are removed.
Spring grafting with a cutting is best done from the beginning of March by copulation without a tongue, which contributes to the appearance of gum. But in the spring, you can graft in the crown on all stone fruits, on young shoots that grew last year by budding in the butt behind the bark and in a T-shaped incision. It is always necessary to give preference to grafting by budding into the butt, behind the bark, and as an exception, in case of a hopeless situation - into a T-shaped incision.
When performing all budding operations, strive to prevent the knife from penetrating into the wood. This is especially dangerous for budding on the VSL-2 dwarf stock. When cutting wood VSL-2, this invariably leads to the formation of gum disease and the subsequent death and drying of the accustomed kidney and the entire stem up to 2 cm below budding. A 100% guarantee of non-survivability of the shield with a kidney is also provided if the knife does not reach the cambial layer located between the bark and the wood.
It is desirable that the cuttings on the cutting and the tree be the same length and width, but if the cutting is slightly thinner, then its bottom and one side should exactly match the cambial layer (the layer of cells between the wood and the bark) of the rootstock. Two buds are left on the cutting.
After tying with a tape from a film, the grafting site and the stalk are covered from above with a piece of film from drying out by the wind, but not tightly, but so that it does not heat up by the sun through the film, on top with a piece of paper or newspaper. This shelter is removed when the first leaves appear under the film.
The tying is removed from the cuttings when the length of the shoots reaches 25 cm. You can tie the grafting site again or tie pegs below the grafting site, and a green graft to them. This will prevent the grafts from being blown off by the wind, which can only happen in the first year of growth. Below the vaccinations, all the shoots of the rootstock are removed several times all summer.
If you follow all these tips, then the survival rate of stone fruits can be brought up to 70-80%.
When performing copulation on a stock that is much larger in diameter than a graft stalk, copulation is performed using the butt method. It is better to graft cherries into the crowns of vigorously growing cherries. If cherries are grafted into the crown of cherries, the trees die more often. Grafting sweet cherries into the crown of low-growing cherries significantly reduces the frost resistance of wood and cherry flower buds, the fruits become smaller.
It is especially badly combined with cherries close to wild steppe cherries. Cherries also do not fit well with magalebka and cerapadus (hybrids of cherries with bird cherry). The best rootstocks for cherries are seedlings or shoots of local cherries of Mayak, Ural ruby, Late pink varieties. In addition, they will give it additional frost resistance. Tree cherry should not be used as a stock, the cherry on it is powerful, it is difficult to cover it for the winter.
So, in late March - early April, choosing a one-two-year-old seedling or cherry shoot, at a height of 15-20 cm from the soil surface, I graft them with a cherry cutting. Cherries are hard to take root on cherries, so this operation must be carried out very carefully. It is more reliable to inoculate by the method of improved copulation with an incision length of at least 30-40 mm. For better survival, I prepare short cuttings, with only two buds.
After grafting, I cut off the remaining side branches of the cherry. When the cutting takes root, around mid-July, I bandage the polyethylene strapping on the grafting weaker. At the same time, I remove one of the two growths, leaving the stronger one. Usually, the growth from the upper kidney is weaker. With a secateurs, I cut out on the ring that part of the handle, which is located above the lower growth. The growth does not require special formation of an inclined position, since under the weight of the leaves it bends itself to the ground.
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