Features of processing winter garlic before planting. How to properly prepare winter garlic for sowing How to soak garlic before planting

Garlic is a crop grown by most summer residents. But in order to get a good harvest of garlic, it is not enough to follow the agrotechnical process of planting it with high quality. It is worth tinkering with planting material, that is, preparing garlic for planting before winter. This is especially true for areas where the still pathogenic environment prevails over regenerative processes.

Preparing garlic for planting before winter

To begin with, let's decide in which cases preplant treatment of teeth is needed. In other words, how much soil on your site is still inhabited by pathogens.

Processing garlic before planting before winter

A process such as processing cloves before planting should not be neglected. It is she who will protect and strengthen the planting material, make it more resilient and viable. For those who have not yet switched to natural farming and use chemistry, processing can be done by soaking:

1. In a weak solution of potassium permanganate (barely pink), or in a solution of copper sulfate (1%). Here the soaking procedure lasts 10 hours.
2. When planting garlic for the winter, a good processing option is to place the planting material in a saline solution, where 6 tablespoons of salt are diluted in 10 liters of water. But it is important not to overdo it - you only need to dip the garlic for 2 minutes. After that, the cloves are placed in another solution: copper sulfate (1 tsp) is diluted in a bucket of water. Lasts only 1 min. Then the processed garlic cloves are immediately planted in the prepared beds.
3. The multi-stage process of processing garlic includes the passage of cloves of 3 solutions. First, soaking occurs using nitroammophoska, 1 tablespoon of which is diluted in 10 liters of warm water. Soak for days. After that, the cloves are placed in a saline solution (1 tbsp per 1 liter), where they are kept for no more than 20-30 minutes. The final stage of processing is the placement of garlic cloves in a solution: 1 tablespoon of copper sulfate is diluted in a bucket of water. Garlic cloves are placed in such a solution for only 1 minute, after which they immediately begin the planting process.

But keep in mind that copper sulfate suppresses not only the pathogenic environment, but also the beneficial microflora. Therefore, the safer ways to process garlic cloves are as follows:

1. in ash solution. One glass of fine ash is taken for one liter of hot water (two glasses for two liters, etc.), stand until the liquid separates and cools completely. The light part of the liquid is drained and garlic cloves are soaked in it. Planting material is kept in ash water for about 60 minutes.
2. It is quite safe for soil microflora to process garlic with Maxim before planting. This is an analogue of natural antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria. For 1 kg of planting material, dilute 2 ml of the drug in 1 liter of water. Keep the teeth in the solution for 30 minutes. If there is a lot of solution for you, combine planting garlic with planting bulbous flowers (tulips, daffodils, etc.), then one ampoule is enough for all autumn plantings.
3. Another good protectant is Fitolavin, which contains a complex of streptothricin antibiotics of natural origin. Perfectly suppresses root rot, vascular bacteriosis, alternariosis and many other fungal and bacterial diseases. A 0.2% concentration of the working fluid is prepared and garlic cloves are dressed for 20-30 minutes.
4. And, of course, the soaking of garlic using special EM preparations, aerated compost tea (ACC), Fitosporin-M. They keep garlic cloves before planting for 1 hour. And by the way, spring treatment after such preparations as "Maxim" and "Fitolavin" with any solutions from this group is simply mandatory - it is very important to restore the microflora after fungicides. This will greatly improve the effect of natural dressings.

It is also desirable to disinfect the garlic intended for planting: you can warm the garlic before planting - this is done at a temperature of about 40 degrees for 10 hours.

If the planting material is problematic, or there is no, no, and there are cloves that are not suitable for planting, the above treatment and disinfection procedures are mandatory for it.

A small remark

In our eco-garden, we have not treated the teeth with anything for a long time, as we restored the soil, constantly replenish it with organic matter and observe crop rotation. But when a mudflow passed through the site, and clay was applied, our beautiful garlic under it suffocated. And in the winter, nothing was preserved, and planted in the fall almost did not sprout.

I had to buy planting material and carry out the processing of garlic before planting. It’s a pity, of course, we had a chic variety of winter garlic, it lay without problems until the new harvest. We did not remove the entire layer of clay, only the paths were freed.

But over the summer, the worms mixed all the clay and now the soil is quite loose. All this thanks to the constant replenishment of the layer of mulch on the beds. So do not neglect mulching - garlic in loose beds is much more comfortable, we advise firsthand, this has been verified by experience.

As you prepare for autumn gardening, assess the condition of the soil and planting material. If the phytosanitary conditions at the site are favorable, do not waste time pickling the teeth - just carry out a light disinfection with ashes or spill the beds with Fitosporin. If the agricultural background is not very favorable, a two-stage preparation of garlic for planting before winter will be required.

Preparatory work, fertilizers with manure before planting vegetables will help to get high, high-quality crops in the future. And it’s worth starting to think about landing in advance. Some garden crops are planted in the winter. Therefore, it is important to know how to prepare a bed for garlic for planting in the fall. After all, it is necessary to decide on the landing site a month and a half before it. The term of planting a plant depends on the weather and climatic conditions of the region. The main thing here is not to be late, otherwise the plant will freeze without rooting. But even an early planting will lead to the fact that the sprouts will hatch and die from a sharp cold snap.

Before planting, choose a place for a vegetable crop. You can not grow garlic in the same place. Every year they change the plot for culture. Where garlic grew, you can plant it after three years.

For a good harvest of vegetables, fertilizers are applied to the soil in advance before planting. Experienced gardeners advise how to fertilize the ground before planting garlic on the site in the fall. It is better to use both mineral and organic. But fresh manure is better not to feed the soil. Organics will damage the planted cloves, their decay.

Preparation of a place for planting garlic begins with determining the acidity of the soil. Neutral soil, which belongs to light loam, is suitable for a vegetable.

The choice of location is determined by how well the soil warms up and how far the groundwater lies. It is impossible to plan a bed for winter garlic in places where water stagnates after rains.

Determination of soil acidity

Planting winter garlic in the fall begins with planning:

• at what depth to plant a winter plant species;
• the introduction of compost for pre-treatment of the ridges.

But without determining the acidity of the soil, planting work cannot be carried out. For garlic, the norm is a neutral indicator from 5.5 to 7.0.

Acidic soils with a pH value of 4.0 to 5.0 have a rusty tint, and the water accumulated in the lowlands is covered with an iridescent film on top. In areas with acidic soil, plantain, horsetail, and mint grow well.

On slightly acidic - chamomile, coltsfoot, wood lice. Nettle prefers neutral soil. And for garlic, it is most acceptable.

Acidity is reduced by adding dolomite flour or slaked lime to the ground. You can increase the level with wood ash.

Selection of predecessors

It is necessary to think about how to prepare the soil in the fall for planting garlic in advance. Not the last role is played by what neighbors the garlic garden should have. Of the predecessors, cucumbers and zucchini will be the best. But vegetables - garlic and onions do not go well with each other. Although the vegetable repels pests of horticultural and horticultural crops with its smell, raspberries and grapes do not tolerate such a neighborhood. Vegetable culture inhibits the development of the root system of berry plants.

Tomatoes, cucumbers withstand the neighborhood with a fragrant plant. Vegetables along with zucchini, beans will provide the soil with nutrients. But for carrots, the pungent smell of the plant will scare away the pest - the onion fly, but the culture will not grow well next to the carrot beds.

A bed for garlic before winter should be planned in advance, and the predecessors are taken care of as early as possible.

Planting green manure - oats, peas, white mustard will help to make the soil nutritious. These plants are planted in the spring on the site where they plan to plant a plant in the fall.

Planted crops are harvested in mid-August. The soil after green manure will be filled with the elements necessary for the growth of the plant.

A mixture of oats, peas and mustard is planted along the beds in the fall. By October, the seedlings will grow up, and their stems will cover the vegetable plantings. During the winter, green manure will hold snow in the garden, protect seedlings from frost.

In spring, rotten parts of plants will become an excellent organic fertilizer.

tillage

Before planting winter garlic in the fall, you need to start by arranging the beds. The site is dug up, improving the structure of the soil:

1. In clayey - they bring in a bucket of sand and peat per square meter.
2. Heavy, dense soils are loosened with sand.
3. Lands with sand are structured with a bucket of peat and two buckets of clay.

If the beds are made on virgin soil, then a mixture of a glass of chalk or dolomite flour, two glasses of potassium sulfate and wood ash is added per square meter.

The quality of the soil will improve if humus is scattered over the bed, followed by digging.

Sowing green manure will make the earth nutritious, filled with useful elements.

Sprinkle the garden bed with urea in the fall, taking one tablespoon per one and a half to two square meters of the plot.

Preparing the land for planting garlic in the fall is an important step in harvesting the vegetable.

Disinfection

How to prepare a bed for a winter crop in the fall so that the plant is not infected with pathogenic microorganisms? Fungi accumulate in the fall in the ground, and the garlic may die before it begins to grow.

The soil is sterilized by treatment with a solution of copper sulphate. In ten liters of water, a tablespoon of the substance is diluted and the soil is spilled. To improve the disinfection process, the bed is covered with a film for a day or two.

Require disinfection and cloves prepared for planting. They are soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, holding for twenty to thirty minutes.

fertilizers

Digging the beds is carried out to the depth of planting garlic. The optimal dimensions will be one meter wide, twenty centimeters high. After harvesting the roots of weeds from the bed, the earth is loosened. Two weeks later, shed with a disinfectant solution of copper sulphate. The earth covered with a film will sit down. The missing elements are added to it. How to fertilize the ground in the fall for garlic? From top dressing, the soil needs superphosphate. It is mixed with humus and brought along with digging or loosening the site.

It is useful to use boric acid (10 grams), potassium permanganate (3 grams), ferrous sulfate (2 grams) as a top dressing, dissolving the substances in a bucket of water.

Fertilizers are applied in the fall under garlic so that the vegetable meets spring with an optimal set of nutrition. Then the shoots after the winter will come out early and will be strong.

1. At a distance of ten centimeters from each other, holes are made with a depth of three to ten centimeters. Cubicles are planted at a shallow depth two to three weeks before frost in the second decade of September or early October. Cloves are placed deeper in areas with severe winters. This method of planting will allow the plant to take root better.
2. It is necessary to plant in the fall only winter varieties of garlic, the heads of which are covered with a lilac skin and have a stem.
3. The distance between rows is twenty to thirty centimeters.
4. The bulbs are laid out in prepared holes, without deepening.
5. Top cover the holes with a layer of compost.
6. Mulching of the beds is carried out with a layer of fallen leaves, needles, peat.

In planting a vegetable, it is important to know how to prepare a bed for garlic in the fall. If the work is carried out without taking into account the rules and advice of vegetable growers, then the seedlings that appear in the spring will be weak and rare. Then do not wait for the harvest of large heads of vegetables.

To get a healthy and generous harvest, you need to know certain subtleties of planting: choose the right place, follow the planting sequence to restore the soil, prepare the soil, select suitable seedlings, properly plant and fertilize the plant, and then provide regular care for the beds.

There are no particular difficulties with garlic, it is a bactericidal plant that independently copes with many negative factors. However, in order for the harvest to be tasty and plentiful, it is necessary to work with seedlings.

How to get a quality garlic crop

Fragrant spicy garlic cloves are obtained from winter plants. They make their way early in March and ripen all summer, gaining juice and useful minerals. The head of such garlic has a central stem and large dense cloves located around it. It is this garlic that is planted in the fall for rooting.

A good full-fledged harvest is obtained from the germination of large teeth, but in order for the flavoring properties of the plant not to disappear, seedlings sometimes need to be updated and diluted through spring propagation. In the spring, garlic is grown through bulbs. As a result, young juicy heads with small multiple teeth are obtained by autumn. They do not have such noble spicy qualities as large garlic, but they add pungency and piquancy to dishes, and garlic juices refresh as seedlings.

The first spring crop obtained for seedlings is not used for culinary purposes, but the whole is planted for winter crops. A good harvest from such seedlings will be only in the second year.

One way or another, garlic is planted before winter in October after the Indian summer, when a cool temperature is set. Planted cloves take root, but do not have time to germinate before the first frost. By spring, the plants begin to release early greens and mature.

How to choose good garlic for seedlings in the winter

Choose only dense, whole, dry large heads without signs of disease. All dubious, loose, darkened fruits are unsuitable for reproduction. Bulbs divide them into slices, but do not clean them. The natural film protects the garlic cloves from drying out, rotting and harmful microorganisms. All small and thin cloves should be discarded. Such garlic is useful in the kitchen. It is also better not to plant slices with a damaged film, it is likely that they will not overwinter in the soil.

Onions should be disassembled into slices 2-3 days before planting, otherwise the root bed may dry out and lose the ability to germinate.

To make sure that the cloves are not infected with fungi that can develop in the soil after planting, they must be sterilized.

The easiest way is to dry the teeth in the oven. This is done very carefully so as not to bake the garlic in its own juice, otherwise it will lose its vitality and will not germinate. To calcine garlic for sterilization, you need:

• preheat the oven to 40-42 degrees;
• line a baking sheet with a sheet of parchment and distribute garlic cloves over it;
• do not close the oven door tightly so that air ventilation remains;
• dry garlic for 9-12 hours, turning on different sides;
• watch out for safety if the oven is gas.

It is even better to use a special electric dryer or a fire oven, while the garlic is placed on the surface.

Another way to process garlic is to rinse in potassium permanganate. You will need to make a weak pink solution in proportions of 1 tsp. manganese powder in 10 liters of hot water. It is necessary to soak the seed in this composition for 10 hours.

Another good remedy is ash lye. It is enough to dilute 400 g of ordinary wood ash in 2 liters of water and boil the composition for 30 minutes. After it has cooled, you need to place the garlic cloves in the liquid and soak for 2 hours. This method is environmentally friendly and suitable for supporters of natural processing of plants.

After sterilization procedures, the teeth are dried.

Removal of diseases from planting material

The above recipes are necessary for preventive purposes. If obvious traces of the disease are found on the garlic, it’s too early to get upset, the seedlings will not have to be thrown away. You can apply the drug Fitosporin-M for processing. It is diluted in water according to the instructions and the seed is soaked for half an hour. Before planting garlic, such a solution must also be poured into the pits in the garden.

An alternative remedy is Maxim. These household substances will save plants from fungal and bacterial diseases and save the future harvest.

Another method of ecological cleaning of seedlings is rinsing with a 1% solution of copper sulphate. The procedure is done in stages:

1. First prepare the salt mixture. 3 tbsp kitchen salt must be diluted in 5 liters of water. Soak garlic cloves in this liquid for 2 minutes.
2. Then half an hour soaked in vitriol. The solution is made from 1 tsp. substances per 10 liters of water.

It is necessary to deal with lesions on seed material due to the fact that the development of fungal and bacterial diseases in the soil threatens not only a particular sprout, but also neighboring plants. In order not to spoil the entire crop, processing is simply necessary.

1. 2 weeks before planting garlic, the soil is dug up and sprinkled with potassium sulfate and double superphosphate - 2 and 1 tablespoons per square, respectively. Also, the soil is generously fertilized with humus. Prepared beds are allowed to breathe and settle, and only after 14-16 days garlic is planted in the ground.
2. A couple of days before planting the seed, the soil must be treated with carbamide (urea). The consumption of the substance occurs at the rate of 1 tbsp. on 2 square meters of land. In dry weather, after such cultivation, the land must be plentifully watered.
3. If garlic is planted after potatoes or tomatoes, the ground must be treated with copper sulfate to remove possible traces of plant fungi. The solution is made according to the classic recipe: 1 tbsp. copper sulfate is diluted in 2 liters of heated water. 10 liters of solution can process 2 square meters of beds.

Some owners refrain from synthetic fertilizers and do not want chemical solutions to enter the crop. If natural tillage from fungi is needed, the beds are pre-planted with greenery, and then dug up, leaving compost in the ground.

Planting "fertilizer" occurs in mid-August - early September. Mustard seeds, oats and green peas are used as assistants. They are rarely (at a great distance from each other) sown in future garlic beds. By the time the garlic is planted, you should have 20-35 cm seedlings consisting of woven greens. Such a "vitamin cocktail" will be an excellent top dressing for spring.

Other owners offer to “fasten” the land with rye. It is important that the beds do not stand empty and do not overgrow with weeds. Grasses draw water from the earth and keep the earth alive. At the same time, weeds usually behave aggressively and greatly impoverish the soil, and it is sometimes very difficult to eradicate weeds. Therefore, the land is sown with noble greenery, and when the time comes to plant garlic, the soil is in a loose moistened state and is well prepared for planting winter crops.

Care of young shoots

In order for garlic to grow healthy in spring and summer, it must be processed from pests already in the beds. For this, copper sulfate is also used - a solution of 1 tsp. for 10 liters of water. It is recommended to add liquid soap to such a tool.

By itself, garlic has protective juices and repels the characteristic zinc smell of pests not only from its own beds, but also from neighboring ones. Therefore, next to spicy greens, it is recommended to plant tomatoes, lettuce and beans, which are often attacked by pests.

However, be careful! Some plants, adjacent to garlic, have a negative impact on the yield of vegetables. So, for example, it is not recommended to plant asparagus, spinach, beets and carrots next to it.

To get a generous and tasty harvest of garlic, carefully select large teeth for seedlings, disinfect them according to the recommendations, treat the beds - and the result can exceed expectations.

Video: how and how to pickle garlic before planting

Foreword

Garlic is one of the most popular vegetable crops, valued for its taste and healing properties. This culture is used for the preparation of natural preparations against diseases and pests. There is nothing surprising in the fact that the preparation of garlic for planting in the fall is of interest to many amateur gardeners.

What a bulbous culture needs - we provide conditions

If you want to grow garlic, make sure you have the right substrate and bed location. The culture prefers fertile and deep soil. If the soil on the site is low in minerals, it must be fertilized with organic matter. The vegetable does not like too dry soil - moderate humidity is ideal for plant growth and bulb development. It is better if the garlic is planted in a sunny place.

In what places is it absolutely impossible to plant garlic? If an amateur gardener practices crop rotation, then the crop should be placed on the beds where peas, beans and beans were previously grown. If other bulbs grew in the planned place, the harvest will not please. The culture requires regular watering, especially from mid-May to mid-June. Watering should be done so as not to wet the plant.

Varieties recommended for spring sowing: Cyril, Janus, Yankel and others. We recommend combining both winter and spring varieties, since winter varieties are larger, but do not differ in high keeping quality, and spring varieties calmly lie down until the next harvest.

How to prepare garlic for planting?

Preparation of winter garlic for planting begins with the selection of high-quality cloves. The rule is simple: plant the larger, harvest the larger. Before planting the agreed crop, the ground should be dug up to a depth of about 25 cm. Sevtsy are planted in spring (from late March to early April) or in autumn (late October). It is worth knowing that preparing garlic for planting in the fall will allow you to get large heads.

You should not plant a vegetable that goes on sale in grocery stores. Nothing will grow out of it! Best suited for growing bulbs from special garden outlets. The head is divided into teeth immediately before disembarkation. It is important to remember that each clove must contain a piece of "heel".

The "sevok" obtained in this way is planted in rows at a distance of 20–30 cm (depending on the available area). Plants in rows should be spaced 6–10 cm apart, depending on the size of the teeth. The latter are deepened into the ground in a vertical position with the "heel" down (in the spring by 3-5 cm, in the autumn by 5-8 cm).

Winter crops ripen by July of next year, and spring sowing - only by August. A sign of bulbous ripeness is yellowing and drying of the leaves (in the species producing inflorescences), as well as breaking the stem (in the species without inflorescences). Remember, it is always better to harvest a little earlier than later.

Comprehensive preparation of garlic for planting in the fall - a guarantee of productivity

Unfortunately, garlic, while bringing remarkable benefits, is itself exposed to diseases caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium. Infection is manifested by rotting of the “heel” and the rest of the bulb. The fungus infects the root system, so the plant is completely removed, pulled out of the ground. A common disease is the so-called green rot. In this case, fungi of the genus Penicillium “attack” the culture.

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