How to grow mushrooms in the country and in the garden in the garden. The secrets of growing mushrooms in your own dacha Is it possible to outwit them

tree transplant

The mycelium of a mycotic fungus forms a fungus root with all trees of a given species within a radius of several tens or even hundreds of meters. Transplanting a small tree from the forest, under which the desired mushroom is already growing, is a proven method. After transplanting a pine, spruce or birch about a meter high, mushrooms may appear in 4-5 years.

Choose the type of tree according to the preferences of the mushroom:

birches get along well with porcini mushroom, black mushroom, red boletus. Before replanting a birch with a porcini mushroom, you need to make sure that oaks do not grow nearby in the forest, otherwise the porcini mushroom forms mycorrhiza primarily with oak.

with pine you can try to transplant the pine form of the boletus. It is well possible to transfer a small pine tree to the garden with a granular oiler.

with spruce mushrooms are transplanted - delicacy and spruce (just keep in mind that he does not like calcareous soil).

with aspen - of course, the boletus is red.

Among the listed mushrooms, early fruiting can be expected only from red boletus. The rest form fruiting bodies under mature trees.

Sowing spores

Edible mushrooms growing on dead trees bear fruit 2-3 times a year for 5-7 years.

They can only be grown on hardwood logs: birch, willow, alder, maple. Trunks of coniferous trees and stone fruits are not used for these purposes. It is better to harvest and store logs for sowing in late autumn and winter (in the warm season, wood is quickly occupied by putrefactive microflora) from the trunks of living healthy trees in order to populate them with mycelium in the spring.

Deadwood, trees infected with stem rot, and old semi-decomposed wood are not suitable for breeding such mushrooms. There are too many competing fungi in their tissues: the cultivated mycelium will develop poorly or not be able to take root at all.

If you are going to do "mushroom business", the gardener should think. This may affect the appearance of his garden. Another important consideration is: will it be convenient to work with cut logs? After all, they are quite massive and voluminous: the thickness of the logs should be at least 20 cm, the length - from 40 cm.

For those who find this method too time-consuming and costly and who feel sorry for destroying healthy trees, an easier and more intensive way can be offered: to sow a substrate from ground branches with mycelium.

With this technology, mushrooms give a greater yield and bear fruit more often - from spring to late autumn. The growing mycelium fastens and "cements" the particles of the substrate, making it homogeneous and durable. Substrate blocks sprouted with mycelium can be freed from polyethylene and covered with a shell of kraft paper or burlap.

The mycorrhizal fungus mycorrhizal fungus forms a fungus root with all the trees of the preferred species within a radius of several tens or even hundreds of meters. Transplanting a small tree from the forest, under which the desired mushroom is already growing, is a proven method. After transplanting a pine, spruce or birch about a meter high, mushrooms may appear in 4-5 years.

The type of tree should be chosen according to the preferences of the fungus:

• Birches get along well with porcini mushroom, black mushroom and dry mushroom, red boletus. Before replanting a birch with a porcini mushroom, you need to make sure that oaks do not grow nearby in the forest, otherwise the porcini mushroom forms mycorrhiza primarily with oak.
• With pine, you can try to transplant the pine form of the boletus. It is well possible to transfer a small pine tree to the garden with a granular oiler.
• Mushrooms are transplanted with spruce - delicacy and spruce (just keep in mind that he does not like calcareous soil).
• With aspen - red boletus.

Among the listed mushrooms, early fruiting can only be expected from red boletus - the rest form fruiting bodies under already mature trees.

Sowing fungal spores

Edible mushrooms growing on dead trees bear fruit 2-3 times a year for 5-7 years.

They can only be grown on hardwood logs: birch, willow, alder, maple. Trunks of coniferous trees and stone fruits are not used for these purposes. It is better to harvest and store logs for sowing in late autumn and winter (in the warm season, putrefactive microflora quickly occupies the wood) from the trunks of living healthy trees in order to populate them with mycelium in the spring. Deadwood, trees infected with stem rot, and old semi-decomposed wood are not suitable for breeding such mushrooms - there are too many competing fungi in their tissues: the cultural mycelium will develop poorly or not be able to take root at all.

If you are going to do “mushroom business”, the gardener should think about how this can affect the appearance of his garden. Another important consideration is: will it be convenient to work with cut logs? After all, they are quite massive and voluminous: the thickness of the logs should be at least 20 cm, the length - from 40 cm.

For those who find this method too time-consuming and costly and who feel sorry for destroying healthy trees, an easier and more intensive way can be offered: to sow a substrate from ground branches with mycelium. With this technology, mushrooms give a greater yield and bear fruit more often - from spring to late autumn. The growing mycelium fastens and “cements” the particles of the substrate, making it homogeneous and durable. Substrate blocks sprouted with mycelium can be freed from polyethylene and covered with a shell of kraft paper or burlap.

Growing mushrooms on logs

What do you need:

• logs of hardwood trees with a diameter of 20 cm
• mushroom mycelium (200 g per linear meter)
• strong polyethylene bags 0.5x1.0 m in size
• cuttings of a garden hose 4 cm long, with a hole diameter of 3-4 cm
• pieces of foam rubber with a side of 5 cm
• garden var

Action plan:

• Place the bags of logs in a woodpile in a shady place. In the spring, make sure that the ends of the logs and the places where the bark is damaged are covered with mycelium. Install them in the place of fruiting - quite moist, sheltered from wind and sun.
• The mycelium of summer and winter honey agarics penetrates the soil and receives additional moisture from it, so dig the logs into unfertilized soil at 2/3 of their height at a distance of 10-15 cm from one another.
• In hot and dry weather, logs and the ground near them need to be irrigated several times a day, from 12.00 to 17.00. The best way is a five-minute sprinkling once an hour. Watering can be plentiful, but by night the surface of the logs and mushroom caps should dry out.
• Mushrooms will benefit from a breathable shelter made from loose boards, slabs, agril, paper, or burlap. Do not cover with plastic wrap.

Saw logs 50-60 cm long. Drill holes on the side with a diameter of 2 cm and a depth of 4-6 cm in a checkerboard pattern with a distance of 15-30 cm along the length of the log, 10-15 cm in diameter. Deepen them to the center of the trunk with a thin drill with a diameter of 8- 10 mm.	Lay the pieces of logs on a large sheet of polyethylene. Wash your hands thoroughly. Fill the holes with mycelium and compact it so that there is 1 cm of free space up to the edge of the hole.
Pour a teaspoon of potato starch solution (40 g / l) or clean water at room temperature into each hole on the mycelium. Cover holes and other damage to the bark with garden pitch.	Place log cuts in plastic bags.
Thread the neck of each bag through a piece of garden hose.	Plug the resulting holes with pieces of foam rubber with a side of 5 cm.

When it comes to shopping, the application sounds enticingly simple - "just add water!". Whatever it is, it's much more complicated.
1. The set of mushroom beds includes a plastic container with mycelium, a mineral supplement to increase fruiting (a couple of bags of white powder) and two beds with a substrate (dry sawdust).
2. A package with a mineral supplement should be dissolved in 1200 ml of hot water, you can use it from the tap.
3. Open beds with sawdust must be filled with the resulting hot solution with a mineral additive.
4. After adding a hot solution to the beds, they must be tightly closed with a lid and additionally heated in a water bath for an hour and a half.
5. Remove the beds from the water bath and cool to room temperature.
6. Put on new rubber gloves on your hands and open the beds and the mycelium container.
7. In the beds, the central channel should be freed from the substrate and a hole should be made in the safety valve.
8. The mycelium should be divided into two parts, carefully grind it in your hands and fill it with the central channel of the bed.
9. After filling the channel, the mycelium should be lightly compacted with your fingers and close the bed.
10. After completing all the procedures, the bed must be returned to the box and transferred to the shade. The temperature in the room should be 22-24˚С.
11. During the first four weeks, the mycelium germinates in the substrate, the next three weeks the mushroom block matures. From the eighth week, the formation of mushroom bodies begins. At this stage, the beds should be transferred for 2-3 days to a room with a low temperature (5-10˚С).
12. Then you need to carefully bend the edges of the box and open the top of the package. Rearrange the bed itself in the room for fruiting. Where throughout the entire period of fruiting it is necessary to maintain a temperature within 14-16˚С and humidity within 80-90%.
13. The beginnings of mushrooms - primordia - appear already on the 7-9th day, and they will grow to a full-fledged mushroom in 5 days.
14. For use, you need to pluck the entire druse completely.
15. During the growth period, mushrooms require intensive moisture, which can be done using a household sprayer for indoor flowers. To prevent moisture from evaporating instantly, you can make a polyethylene cap with corners cut off for ventilation and cover the bed with it.
16. After the first harvest, the bed should be allowed to rest for a week, for this you should close the top of the bag.
17. Before re-fruiting, the bed should be transferred again to a cool place with a temperature of 14-16 ° C and humidity up to 90%.
18. Mushrooms bear fruit several times a season.
19. If the bed began to weigh less than half a kilogram, it must be removed and immersed in cold water for five hours.
Where in a modern apartment can I find a room with a temperature of 16 degrees and a humidity of 80-90%?

The mushroom bed we created in the country house can become a gift at the completion of a large turnkey facility, if its owners express a desire to take care of future mushrooms.

The rest of the story is addressed to our future clients, who may have a mushroom patch as a bonus.

Perhaps you cannot find a person who would not be delighted to see a beautiful strong mushroom in the forest, and a scattering of such mushrooms will delight everyone.

We can bring you such joy, a mushroom garden in the country is not a fantasy, but a reality.

Of course, you can try to grow mushrooms on the site yourself. There are a lot of recommendations on the Internet.

Trial and error is a good way to keep yourself busy, especially when there is absolutely nothing to do.

We appeal to those who value their free time and like to spend it with friends and family.

Before choosing the location of the mushroom beds, we need to decide what kind of mushrooms we will decorate your dacha with? The question is not idle. Firstly, mushrooms in the country are a real highlight in landscaping a site, and secondly, mushrooms are very demanding on soil, lighting, and even plants in the neighborhood.

The most adapted to growth in summer conditions are champignons, oyster mushrooms, chanterelles, russula, boletus.

But this does not mean at all that other mushrooms cannot be taught to live at home, the main thing is to create these conditions, and the result will be amazing.

We called our service “creating a mushroom bed in the country”, but this does not mean at all that you will have traditional rectangular beds, which are so annoying to most during the period of growing vegetables and herbs in the backyard.

There are several ways to grow mushrooms:

• with the help of forest mycelium;
• with the help of disputes;
• using purchased mycelium;
• by transferring an old tree from the forest on which mycelium develops.

With any method of growing mushrooms in the country, you will need to follow a few of our recommendations for caring for them and a little patience. Mushrooms will definitely delight you with their presence on the site, and then on the festive table.

The most adapted for summer cottages are champignons, mushrooms and oyster mushrooms. If we landscaped a forest area, you have a chance to admire forest mushrooms at the doorstep of the house.

We note again that this is not a standard type of our landscape work, but rather an exotic exception for our large clients.

Mushrooms are independent creatures. They grow on their own - no watering, fertilizing, or hilling them is not necessary. And they try to settle away from people, and they are reluctant to go into garden culture.

Of the several thousand species of edible mushrooms, man managed to "tame" only about a hundred - and now they can be grown in the garden. And not only for culinary use and not because they are useful - mushrooms themselves are very picturesque. And they have another valuable quality - they process wood and other garden residues into humus.

By the way, in the world balance of soil formation, they create twice as much humus as earthworms. True, not all species are suitable for the garden. For example, the well-known autumn mushroom lives not only on dead wood, but also on living trees, and is able to destroy them.

So what can you grow in your garden?

Why are they so naughty

We’ll warn you right away: you won’t be able to get a crop of white, boletus, chanterelles, mushrooms or truffles. Don't even try. The fact is that these fungi, which form mycorrhiza * on the roots of trees, cannot live and develop without their “native” species. Helping trees extract inorganic substances from the ground, they, in turn, receive glucose and other nutrition from them. For mushrooms, this union is vital. Only it is very fragile - an outside intrusion destroys it.

So even if you manage to plant mushrooms in the garden by moving them there along with spruce, it is unlikely that anything will come of it. Neither transplanting along with the tree, nor watering the tree roots with mushroom infusion guarantee that the mycelium will take root.

Can they be outmaneuvered?

There are also such mushrooms, the "soil" for which is the forest floor. These are ringworms, morels, large colorful umbrellas, champignons and some others. They can be “fooled” by planting them on a compost litter made from straw, leaves, lawn grass and manure. The technology of breeding litter mushrooms is quite complex and time-consuming. Therefore, it is better to choose one or more tree species for the garden, which grow well (but slowly: the first harvest can be expected no earlier than in a year) on pieces of logs, on stumps of hardwood trees and on a specially prepared substrate of ground branches.

Who will agree to live in the garden

What qualities should mushrooms have that are suitable for growing on your site? Of course, being tasty and healthy is the first indispensable condition. The “pleasant appearance” will not hurt either - you should not forget about garden design either. And, finally, for central Russia, the winter hardiness factor is important: harsh winters can destroy the fruits of the labors of a mushroom grower.

The above conditions are met by various varieties of oyster mushrooms, a winter-hardy strain of shiitake, summer mushroom (of domestic origin), an edible variety of foliot and winter mushroom.

Oyster mushroom, or oyster

This is the most common type of oyster mushroom. It is not only edible, but also healing, as it contains all the essential amino acids and almost all vitamins, including vitamin D, which is not found in vegetables and fruits. The quality and taste of the pulp will be good only if the fruiting bodies are harvested on time, before they have become tough.

Hybrids of this species with American oyster mushroom (more thermophilic and less tasty) can bear fruit without cold shock. The NK-35 strain will withstand wintering at a temperature of -35 °C. It grows well on logs and on substrates made from chopped branches. It bears fruit at night temperatures from 0 ° С to +18 ° С - from April to November. Mushrooms of this variety grown outdoors have light brown (if they grew at a high temperature) or completely dark hats (at a low one).

Lemon oyster mushroom And oyster mushroom pink, or, as it is often called, "flamingos", from Southeast Asia. Edible and medicinal, but less tasty than oyster mushroom. Safe for the garden, do not settle on living trees. Beautiful splices of bright yellow lemon oyster mushrooms and pink flamingo oyster mushrooms are a natural decorative decoration for shady corners.

Red-pink "flamingos" are especially beautiful by the end of autumn - their color becomes saturated, bright. They are grown on logs using the same technology as the oyster mushroom. Able to bear fruit at night temperatures from +4°С to +2°С.

Shiitake, strain KT-10. Edible, medicinal, one of the most delicious cultivated mushrooms. After boiling, it retains the dark color of the cap. It has an immunomodulatory effect, with constant use it provides antitumor protection.

Safe for the garden. It can bear fruit in shady corners, and in the zone of reservoirs, fountains, springs, and on logs floating in the water. It grows well both on crushed substrates and on logs. It bears fruit at temperatures from +10°C to +25°C. If at night it was not below +4 °C, fruiting begins when the air warms up to +15 °C during the day.

Summer honey agaric. Mushroom, well known to the inhabitants of Central Russia. Differs in an abundance of small and thin fruiting bodies. The caps are edible and tasty, and the legs are woody.

Safe for the garden. Can grow on pieces of logs - the mycelium endures wintering. Fruits in high humidity. It transforms the wood of logs into the so-called myco-wood - it is used for wood carving and as a heat-insulating material.

Flake edible. tasty, similar to autumn mushrooms, but more fleshy. Grows in conditions of high humidity (90-95%). Without special shelter and additional humidification of the air, it will not bear fruit.

Growing on logs

All tree mushrooms can only be grown on hardwood logs - birch, willow, alder, maple. Trunks of coniferous trees and stone fruits are not used for these purposes.

It is better to harvest and store logs for sowing in late autumn and winter: in the warm season, wood is quickly occupied by putrefactive microflora. Deadwood, trees infected with stem rot, and old semi-decomposed wood are not suitable for growing mushrooms - there are too many “competitors” in their tissues, the mycelium will develop poorly or not be able to take root at all.

Logs are harvested from the trunks of living healthy trees in order to populate them with mycelium in the spring. Mushrooms grown on pieces of logs bear fruit 2-3 times a year for 5-7 years.

If you are going to do “mushroom business”, the gardener should think about how this can affect the appearance of his garden. Another important consideration is whether it will be convenient to work with log cuts? After all, they are quite massive and voluminous: the thickness of the logs should be at least 20 cm, the length - from 40 cm

For those who find this method too time-consuming and costly, and who feel sorry for destroying healthy trees, an easier and more intensive way can be offered: to sow a substrate from ground branches with mycelium. With this technology, mushrooms give a greater yield and bear fruit more often - from spring to late autumn. The growing mycelium fastens and “cements” the particles of the substrate, making it homogeneous and durable. Substrate blocks sprouted with mycelium can be freed from polyethylene and covered with a shell of kraft paper or burlap.

*Mycorrhiza (fungus root)- the introduction of mycelium into the root, which provides symbiosis, that is, the mutually beneficial coexistence of fungal mycelium and the roots of higher plants. Actually, the mycelium with mycorrhiza is the fungus itself, and what appears on the surface of the earth, and what mushroom pickers hunt for, is its fruiting body.